Orthopedics

Deep learning-based automatic measurement of the femoral head ossification center in healthy Korean children: development of a novel radiographic growth chart.

OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a deep learning (DL)-based algorithm for automated measurement of femoral head ossification center (FHOC) size and establish AI-derived growth charts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 1705 healthy Korean children (mean age, 5.1 ± 3.3 years; 841 females, 864 males) with anteroposterior pelvic radiographs (2018-2024). A three-stage DL algor...

Weight-bearing computed tomography volumetric analysis for diagnosis of syndesmotic instability: A new standard of care?

Assessing the severity and clinical impact of syndesmotic injury, especially when subtle, remains among the most diagnostically challenging conditions in foot and ankle orthopaedics. The distal tibiofibular syndesmosis is a complex, three-dimensional (3D) joint critical to ankle stability, and substantial injury to its ligament complex-especially if undetected or undermanaged-can result in long-te...

Can OMFS experts distinguish AI from human manuscripts? A double-blind evaluation using ChatGPT-4.

OBJECTIVE: As generative AI tools like ChatGPT-4 gain traction in academic writing, questions arise regarding their credibility, scientific depth, and...

Usability of quantitative atlas measurements from computed tomography images for sex estimation: A machine learning approach.

Sex estimation plays a critical role in forensic identification, missing person identification, and forensic investigations. This study aimed to evalu...

Exploring the molecular intersections of osteoporosis and sarcopenia: An integrated bioinformatics and experimental validation.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are age-related degenerative diseases that frequently co-occur in the older adults, yet their shared molecular...

Development of a deep learning-based histological evaluation model for critical-size bone defect healing in rats - an objective tool.

INTRODUCTION: Critical-size femoral defects in rats are a well-established model for preclinical bone regeneration research. Histological evaluation i...

ReTri: Progressive domain bridging via representation disentanglement and triple-level consistency-driven feature alignment for unsupervised domain adaptive medical image segmentation.

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) in medical image segmentation presents significant challenges due to substantial cross-domain disparities and the...

An artificial intelligence-assisted automated quantitative evaluation system for condylar morphological changes of temporomandibular joint.

OBJECTIVES: To develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted system for the automated quantitative evaluation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cond...

3D imaging-based AI models outperform demographic models and excel in tibial sizing compared with 2D models in total knee arthroplasty planning: A systematic review.

PURPOSE: Accurate preoperative implant sizing is a critical component of successful total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Artificial intelligence (AI) has em...

Year in Review: Axial Spondyloarthritis.

Axial spondyloarthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the sacroiliac joints and spine. Over the past two years, significant pr...

Comparative study of the performance of two versions of the same AI tool for pediatric skeletal maturation assessment.

OBJECTIVES: To compare BoneXpert version 3 with version 2 in estimating bone age and bone health index (BHI), focusing on mean absolute error (MAE) an...

Wearable sensor-based gait evaluation in cervical spondylotic myelopathy: detecting asymptomatic gait dysfunction and heterogeneous gait impairment.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Current severity assessment methods for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) overlook asymptomatic gait dysfunction and potential...

Decoding Temporomandibular Disorders: Identifying Stage-Specific and Functional Patterns in the Articular Disc.

BACKGROUND: Despite affecting approximately 30% of the population, the pathogenesis of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) remains poorly understood. Co...

CARE-Net: Causal-aware risk embedding for venous thromboembolism prediction in orthopedic inpatients.

Venous thromboembolism is a major preventable complication among orthopedic inpatients, yet existing risk scores and correlation-driven models often m...

3D tibial HU reconstruction from biplanar X-rays utilizing a hybrid PCA-CNN framework.

High-resolution Computed Tomography (CT) is the gold standard medical imaging technique for bone assessment. However, its clinical use is limited by h...

A fully autonomous AI system for accurate and reproducible Cobb angle measurement in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a multicenter study.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: The gold standard diagnostic test for Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) involves manually measuring the spinal column deformit...

Quantitative evaluation of retinal vascular morphology based on the human visual bionic mechanism for the evaluation of diabetic retinopathy onset.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A limited amount of diabetic retinopathy (DR) development can be explained by traditional risk factors. This study aimed to deter...

Predicting human gait kinematics and kinetics from a single inertial measurement unit using deep learning and synthetic datasets: A blinded assessment study.

A single inertial measurement unit (IMU) can be used with neural networks (NNs) to predict joint kinematics and kinetics. Recent studies, however, oft...

Potential change in healthcare costs of implementing artificial intelligence for detecting cervical spine fractures on CT: an early health technology assessment.

OBJECTIVES: To assess healthcare costs of patients screened for cervical spine (C-spine) fractures using CT, and estimate the change in in-hospital co...

Machine learning prediction for identifying individuals requiring rotator cuff repair: Shoulder muscle strength and questionnaires as the related factors.

BackgroundRotator cuff tears, a common cause of shoulder pain, often require surgery when conservative treatment fails. Arthroscopic repair is standar...