Osteoporosis

Photon-counting CT-enabled urolithiasis phenotyping: virtual non-iodine reconstructions, automated measurement, and spectral radiomics.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Urolithiasis management increasingly depends on accurate, noninvasive stone phenotyping to guide acute intervention, secondary prevention, and selective chemolitholysis. Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) introduces detector-level energy discrimination and higher spatial resolution, enabling calcium-preserving reconstruction strategies and quantitative spectral analytics...

Deep learning on histopathological images to predict breast cancer recurrence risk and chemotherapy benefit: a multicentre, model development and validation study.

BACKGROUND: Genomic assays such as Oncotype DX have transformed adjuvant treatment selection for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, early breast cancer but remain inaccessible to many patients because of high cost and logistical barriers. We aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI) model that estimates Oncotype DX 21-gene recurrence scores directly from routine histopat...

Backbone rigidity of disordered protein linkers from NMR experiments and MD simulations.

Disordered protein linkers are essential for multidomain protein function and engineering, but quantitative methods for their biophysical characteriza...

Movie reconstruction from mouse visual cortex activity.

The ability to reconstruct images represented by the brain has the potential to give us an intuitive understanding of what the brain sees. Reconstruct...

Molecular-level understanding of the aging bone and regeneration mechanisms using computational methods.

Bone degeneration diseases, such as osteoporosis, are skeletal disorders characterized by diminished bone mass and increased susceptibility to fractur...

Clinical implementation of AI for vertebral fracture detection in CT aligned with fracture liaison services: high prevalence of undiagnosed vertebral fractures.

UNLABELLED: We assessed feasibility and effectiveness of AI-based VF screening in CT, integrated with a local FLS. The system identified VFs in 14% of...

An Open-Source Pipeline for Calcium Imaging and All-Optical Physiology in Human Stem Cell-Derived Neurons.

High-throughput, single-cell resolution profiling of neuronal activity is critical for understanding brain function and modeling neurological disorder...

Characterization of biomarker profiles in patients with coronary artery disease: A prospective coronary computed tomography angiography study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Conventional biomarkers such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein may fail to identify patients' risk fo...

The application of machine learning-assisted serum SERS technology in the early screening and prognosis evaluation of osteoporosis.

Early detection, early intervention, early treatment, and timely prognostic monitoring of osteoporosis are crucial for improving patients' quality of ...

PM2.5 exposure induces functional alterations in pregnant rats heart and in human stem cell derived cardiac spheroids.

Air pollution is a major cardiovascular risk factor, with particulate matter (PM) posing significant threats. The Po Valley remains among Europe's mos...

An integrated water quality assessment and its prediction utilizing the CWQI, CRITIC based-improved CWQI, sensitivity analysis, multivariate techniques, machine learning algorithms and GIS approaches to determine pollution intensities in the river basin (Odisha).

The Mahanadi River is a vital water resource for the Odisha region, supporting both local agriculture and drinking water needs. However, increasing hu...

Machine learning model integrating oral microbiota and clinical features for predicting osteoporosis and bone loss in high-altitude populations.

Conflicting adaptations in an inhibitory feedback circuit.

Neural networks maintain stable activity levels by compensating for perturbations through homeostatic plasticity. However, homeostatic mechanisms oper...

Artificial intelligence-based coronary computed tomography angiography quantification of atherosclerosis burden: comparison with intravascular ultrasound in the INVICTUS Registry.

OBJECTIVES: Automated artificial intelligence (AI)-based assessment of atherosclerosis burden applied to coronary computed tomography angiography (CCT...

Women's reproductive factors predict local brain aging profiles mapped using deep neural networks.

Deep neural networks (DNNs) trained on magnetic resonance images can estimate global brain age (GBA), which reflects women's neurological disease risk...

Bone Mineral Density of Spine Patients with CT Hounsfield Units and AI Segmentation: A Contemporary Review.

It is widely accepted that bone mineral density affects outcomes for spinal arthrodesis surgeries. Traditional techniques such as dual-energy X-ray ab...

Integration of multi-omics and machine learning to reveal the anti-osteoporosis effects of Hederagenin by inhibiting lipid peroxidation via the GPX4/p-STAT1/PTGS2 axis.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a multifactorial disease, leading to abnormal bone remodeling, requiring targeted therapeutic interventions. This study investiga...

An AI-based approach accelerates the discovery of protein-protein interaction modulators targeting NCS-1.

Drug repurposing is an efficient strategy to accelerate the identification of therapeutic compounds by finding new uses for existing drugs. Here, we l...

Vessel-specific perivascular fat attenuation index derived from AI-CCTA and its association with impaired coronary flow reserve in patients with INOCA.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between artificial intelligence (AI)-derived coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) features and i...

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) for Evaluating Regulatory Compliance of Drug Information and Clinical Trial Protocols.

The purpose was to evaluate retrieval-augmented generative (RAG) artificial intelligence (AI) methods for assessing the regulatory compliance of drug ...