Endocrinology

Osteoporosis

Latest AI and machine learning research in osteoporosis for healthcare professionals.

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Asymmetric Social Representations in the Prefrontal Cortex for Cooperative Behavior

Cooperation is a hallmark of social species, enabling individuals to achieve goals that are unattainable alone. Across species, cooperative behaviors are often organized by distinct social roles such as leaders and followers, yet the neural mechanisms supporting such role-based coordination remain elusive. Here we introduce a new paradigm for studying cooperation in mice, where pairs of animals en...

Imaging cellular activity simultaneously across all organs of a vertebrate reveals body-wide circuits

All cells in an animal collectively ensure, moment-to-moment, the survival of the whole organism in the face of environmental stressors1,2. Physiology seeks to elucidate the intricate network of interactions that sustain life, which often span multiple organs, cell types, and timescales, but a major challenge lies in the inability to simultaneously record time-varying cellular activity throughout ...

Identification and classification of ion-channels across the tree of life provide functional insights into understudied CALHM channels

The ion channel (IC) genes encoded in the human genome play fundamental roles in cellular functions and disease and are one of the largest classes of ...

Ascending propriospinal modulation of thoracic sympathetic preganglionic neurons during lumbar locomotor activity

Although the autonomic sympathetic system is activated in parallel with locomotion, the underlying neural mechanisms mediating this coordination are n...

Motor cortex somatostatin interneurons adaptively shape the structure of action sequences

The brain can flexibly reorganize the structure of action sequence, or motor programs, to efficiently reach positive outcomes. These behavioral adapta...

Nematic cell alignment directs calcium waves

Tissues rely on supracellular signals to coordinate their cells over a long range. Two such tissue-scale cues are calcium waves and patterns of cell-c...

Stimulation with ECoG electrodes modulates cortical activity and sensory processing in the awake mouse brain

Electrical stimulation has been widely used to probe neural network properties and treat dysfunction. Electrocorticography (ECoG) electrodes, long use...

Ventral striatal astrocytes contribute to reinforcement learning

Astrocytes influence synaptic plasticity and neuronal function through astrocytic calcium dynamics (ACD). However, astrocytes’ contribution to cogniti...

Mechanical stretch disrupts calcium dynamics and redistributes Piezo1 in human astrocytes

Astrocytes regulate the activity of nearby neurons so disruption of astrocyte calcium dynamics by traumatic brain injury (TBI) could have profound con...

The influence of power-training and aging on endomysium content and fiber cross-sectional area in the human soleus muscle

The Master Athletic Laboratory Study of Intramuscular Connective Tissue (MALICoT, DRKS00015764) set out to analyze the endomysium content of the human...

Predicting Future Development of Stress-Induced Anhedonia From Cortical Dynamics and Facial Expression

The current state of mental health treatment for individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder leaves billions of individuals with first-line t...

Development and characterization of a scalable calcium imaging assay using human iPSC-derived neurons

Neuroscience drug discovery is challenged by the brain’s structural and cell-type complexity, which is difficult to model in cellular systems compatib...

Dorsolateral striatal acetylcholine reorganizes neural ensembles to anticipate threat

Adaptive behavior requires flexible encoding of emotional valence. Although striatal acetylcholine (ACh) signaling is critical for reinforcement learn...

Population trajectory analysis reveals divergent state-space geometries across cortical excitatory cell types

Cortical population activity unfolds along structured trajectories in state space, reflecting underlying dynamics of the neural networks involved. How...

Challenging Backpropagation: Evidence for Target Learning in the Neocortex

Computational neuroscience currently debates two competing hypotheses to explain hierarchical learning in the neocortex: deep learning inspired approx...

The expression level of CACNA1C-encoded CaV1.2 is a tipping point between promotion and inhibition of dendritic growth in neurons

The CACNA1C gene encodes the CaV1.2 L-type voltage-gated calcium channel, which plays a crucial role in neuronal signaling. CACNA1C is a risk gene for...

Classifying Calcium Imaging Dynamics with Deep Learning: Multi-Frequency Analysis through Quantile-Based Time-Series Network Representations

To address the limitations of calcium imaging data, we propose a segmentation-agnostic deep learning framework that integrates Quantile-Based Time-Ser...

Trial-by-trial inter-areal interactions in visual cortex in the presence or absence of visual stimulation

State-of-the-art computational models of vision largely focus on fitting trial-averaged spike counts to visual stimuli using overparameterized neural ...

Deep Learning Chest X-Ray Age, Epigenetic Aging Clocks and Associations with Age-Related Subclinical Disease in the Project Baseline Health Study

Chronological age is a cornerstone of medical decision-making but is limited because individuals age at different rates. We recently released an open-...

Prospective Blinded evaluation of Thermalytix, an artificial intelligence-enhanced breast thermal imaging software, correlated with radiologist-interpreted mammograms: Results of an exploratory study in Zambia

While mammography is commonly used for breast cancer detection, its widespread implementation in resource-constrained nations is challenging. Artifici...

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