Other Cancers

Pitfalls and Emerging Trends in AI-driven Pathological Analysis of Metastatic Brain Tumors.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and computational pathology has the potential to refine prognostic stratification in patients with metastatic brain tumors (MBTs). However, current AI models, which are trained predominantly on extracranial tissues, encounter significant challenges in the unique intracranial microenvironment. Unlike previous reviews that focus on primary brain tumors...

CHAF1A identified as a candidate biomarker and potential therapeutic target in Burkitt lymphoma through integrated bioinformatics and histopathological analysis.

BACKGROUND: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited effective treatments due to toxicity/resistance. Identifying and prioritizing candidate biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets from complex transcriptomic data, ahead of functional validation, remains a major unmet need. METHODS: We integrated differential gene expression analysis across BL vs. control cohorts (...

Unveiling the role of spatial transcriptomics in the analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment (Review).

The tumor immune microenvironment plays a decisive role in tumor initiation, progression and therapeutic response. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) enable...

Recent advances in biomarkers, artificial intelligence, and targeted therapeutic strategies in breast cancer: Current progress and future perspectives.

Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease that remains a major global health challenge. Recent progress in molecular biology, artificial in...

The Clinical outcomes following pencil beam scanning proton therapy for skull base chordoma and chondrosarcoma: a single-institution experience.

BACKGROUND: Chordomas and chondrosarcomas of the skull base are rare, locally aggressive tumors that pose significant therapeutic challenges due to th...

Role of Artificial Intelligence in acromegaly detection and management.

Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly, diagnostic delay remains substantial, often exceeding 6-10 years, while a s...

Machine learning and cox model-based prediction of CDK4/6 inhibitor outcomes in HR+/HER2 - metastatic breast cancer: a multicenter real-world study.

BACKGROUND: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6is) are standard therapy for HR+/HER2 - metastatic breast cancer (MBC), yet treatment outcom...

Toward a Structured Imaging Reporting System for Kidney Masses: The Molecular Imaging Perspective on KI-RADS.

Recently, a structured approach to renal mass characterization known as the Kidney Imaging Reporting and Data System (KI-RADS) was proposed. In that p...

Multimodal Management of Pain in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Mechanism-Based Approach.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is frequently associated with severe nociceptive and neuropathic pain that adversely affects pa...

Cross-Vendor Robustness of a Hybrid Deep Learning Framework for Four-Stage Periodontitis Classification on Panoramic Radiographs.

OBJECTIVES: Although deep learning for periodontitis diagnosis on panoramic radiographs has advanced rapidly, most studies use single-vendor data and ...

Needs and Concerns Regarding a Pediatric Palliative Telehealth App for Use in Palliative Home Care for Adults Among Providers in Germany: Embedded Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Specialized outpatient palliative care (SOPC) provides home-based care for terminally ill patients and is associated with improved quality...

Discovery and development of small-molecule inhibitors targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein 4 to enhance cancer immunotherapy and reduce side effects.

The immune system plays crucial role to fight against cancer. Still, cancer cells have evolved mechanisms to evade immune responses, especially throug...

Predicting Response to Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Multisequence MRI and Clinical Variables.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality among women. We developed and test...

Oncology Education in Lithuania: An Integrated Curriculum at the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences.

Cancer remains a major health burden in Lithuania, emphasizing the importance of effective undergraduate oncology education. This paper describes the ...

Toward Robust and Generalizable Radio(gen)omics Predictive Models for Brain Tumor Characterization.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In the context of brain tumor characterization, we focused on 2 key questions that, to the best of our knowledge, have not bee...

Three-class radiomic differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma on multiphasic contrast-enhanced CT.

PURPOSE: Preoperative differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and combined hepatocellular-cholangioc...

Development and external validation of a machine learning model for predicting postoperative hydrocephalus in 1,073 posterior fossa tumor patients.

Postoperative hydrocephalus is a common complication following posterior fossa tumor resection, affecting 7-40% of patients. Although preoperative cer...

Emerging biomarkers in breast fibroadenoma: implications for differential diagnosis, malignant transformation, and precision medicine.

Fibroadenoma is the most common benign fibroepithelial lesion of the breast; it occurs most frequently in adolescents and women of reproductive age. W...

Multiclass diagnostic performance and error patterns of a multimodal large language model in oral histopathology: A WHO-aligned study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic performance, feature-level agreement, and error patterns of a multimodal large language model (MLLM) across the...

A Multi-omics Regulated Cell Death Framework Defines Immune Phenotypes and Guides Precision Therapy in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is molecularly and immunologically heterogeneous, contributing to variable treatment response. Because regulated cell death (R...