Pathology

Machine Learning-Based Transcriptomic Diagnosis of Periodontitis.

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis, a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease, remains a global health challenge with conventional diagnostic methods hindered by subjectivity and low sensitivity. This study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML)-based diagnostic framework using transcriptomic data to enhance diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. METHODS: Transcriptomic datasets from 616 samples (452 periodo...

Vibroacoustic detection of inclusions in an elastomeric tissue phantom using a multilayer perceptron classifier: A proof-of-concept study.

Accurate detection of tumor boundaries is critical for the success of oncologic surgical intervention. Traditionally, palpation can handover important information for tumor localization based on the tissue mechanical properties, but in Minimally Invasive Surgery no direct access to the tumor for palpation is feasible. For providing a technical analogy, this feasibility-level study focusses on the ...

GICAF-Net: A cross-attentional graph-image fusion network for hyperspectral pathological diagnosis of FNH and HCC.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Accurate intraoperative differentiation between focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a...

Transformer-based ultrasound radiomics for novel multi-task automated segmentation and classification of ovarian tumors.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate a comprehensive AI-driven pipeline for automated segmentation and multi-class classification of ovarian tumors in u...

Investigation of biochemical alterations in the brain of db/db diabetic mice using integrated FTIR and Raman spectroscopy combined with machine learning.

This study systematically analyzed the molecular metabolic alterations in the brain tissue of type 2 diabetic mice at different disease stages by inte...

Toward accurate breast cancer classification: A review of multi-modal machine learning approaches.

The innovations in classifying breast cancer into malignant and benign categories and further categorizing it into molecular subtypes have reshaped he...

ChatGPT-5 vs oral medicine experts for rank-based differential diagnosis of oral lesions: a prospective, biopsy-validated comparison.

Accurate differential diagnosis of oral lesions is challenging. Large language models (LLMs) may support clinicians, but expert-validated evidence on ...

A Novel Instance Segmentation Method for Real-Time Detection of Thyroid Nodules in Ultrasound Videos: A Multi-Center Study.

OBJECTIVES: Thyroid nodules are one of the most common thyroid disorders and can be categorized into benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Currently, ...

A deep learning-based radiomics model for noninvasive diagnosis of melanoma.

To develop a noninvasive diagnostic model integrating deep learning and radiomics for improving the accuracy and clinical utility of early melanoma di...

Noninvasive nasopharyngeal cancer screening via salivary DNA detection using label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor originating from the mucosal epithelium of the nasopharynx, which has a high incidence in southern...

Intelligent ensemble learning-enhanced finite element modeling for precision thermal ablation in cancer therapy.

BACKGROUND: Microwave ablation (MWA) is a minimally invasive treatment for liver tumors, yet accurate prediction of ablation zones remains challenging...

Streamlining the Histopathologic Workflow in Diabetic Kidney Disease with Artificial Intelligence.

KEY POINTS: Artificial intelligence models effectively generalized across studies and animal models and reduced translational gaps when applied to hum...

Evaluating the performance of Large language models in rheumatology for connective tissue Diseases: DeepSeek-R1, ChatGPT-4.0, Copilot, and Gemini-2.0.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate significant potential in medical information provision and may serve as valuable tools for patien...

Bioengineered Teeth and Regenerative Strategies: Advances in Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Applications.

Tooth and endodontic disease pose important challenges, and traditional therapies are dependent upon mechanical restoration rather than biological reg...

In-situ NIR spectroscopy study on microgravity-induced articular cartilage degeneration with ResNet-18.

Articular cartilage (AC) plays a vital role in maintaining joint function, but it is highly vulnerable to degeneration due to the lack of mechanical l...

Intraoperative assessment of surgical margins during radical prostatectomy: advances and challenges.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Detection of positive surgical margins during radical prostatectomy is critical to minimizing the risk of prostate cancer recurrenc...

Multi-task learning on microscopic hyperspectral data enables accurate classification of graphene oxide films.

The precise, high-throughput characterization of graphene oxide (GO) is essential for its use in advanced technologies but is hindered by its inherent...

Pathologic assessment of resected stage III non-small cell lung cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: identification of additional prognostic factors.

BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by surgery represent an ideal clinical set...

Ensemble Learning Model: A Novel Technique to Detect Malignancy in Effusion Cytology.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study applied an ensemble learning model combining six transfer learning architectures to detect malignancy in effusion cyto...

Polyp image segmentation based on parallel dilated convolution and dual attention mechanisms.

Colorectal cancer is usually caused by malignant transformation of early colon polyps. Early polyps are benign, but if left untreated, they can progre...