Pathology

Multi-omics analysis identifies CD48 and ITIH5 as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders associated with obesity.

BACKGROUND: Obesity-driven metabolic disorders involve pathological remodeling of white adipose tissue (WAT), wherein fibroblasts coordinate fibrosis and inflammation. This study aimed to characterize fibroblast transcriptional heterogeneity, identify fibrosis-inflammation mediators, and discover diagnostic and therapeutic targets. METHODS: Single-cell (GSE155960) and bulk (GSE205668) RNA-seq data...

Navigating PI-RADS v2.1 in clinical practice: pitfalls, variability, and the supportive role of AI.

Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) version 2.1 has substantially advanced the standardization of prostate MRI acquisition, interpretation, and reporting and has helped establish a common language for MRI-directed diagnostic pathways. Nevertheless, clinically meaningful variability persists across readers and institutions and continues to influence biopsy referral, targeting, and ...

Educational Frameworks for Diagnostic Decision-Making in AI-Enhanced Head and Neck Pathology.

CONTEXT: This paper examines how artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping diagnostic decision-making in academic and clinical head and neck pathology...

Decoding Occult Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: From AI-Driven Multimodal Fusion to Clinical Translation.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review examines the limitations of conventional macroscopic approaches in detecting occult cervical lymph node metastasis (OCL...

3D chromatin architecture-related genes orchestrate LUAD evolution and therapy resistance: insights from integrative machine learning and spatial single-cell mapping.

BACKGROUND: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a prevalent and lethal malignancy. The three-dimensional (3D) chromatin architecture significantly influence...

Smartphone-Based Proactive Self-Screening for Ocular Surface Malignancies: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

IMPORTANCE: Ocular surface malignancies pose risks to vision and survival yet are frequently misdiagnosed as benign lesions because of their subtle pr...

Integrating morphology and molecular biology: AI-driven molecular prediction in Pathology with a focus on Cytology.

BACKGROUND: Recent computational pathology research proposes using artificial intelligence to infer molecular features from routine hematoxylin-eosin ...

Histopathological Assessment of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Using Transformer-Based Artificial Intelligence: Model Comparison Study.

BACKGROUND: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) poses diagnostic challenges due to complex histopathological changes. OBJECTIVE: This study ...

DEHP-induced male reproductive toxicity: Evidence from population studies, animal experiments, and multi-omics profiling.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) exposure and testosterone deficiency in adult men, and to explore mol...

Image-based consensus molecular subtypes and colon cancer recurrence: Understanding the impact of lifestyle factors across subtypes of colon cancer.

AIM: We investigated associations between consensus molecular subtype (CMS) and colon cancer recurrence, and explored how the inflammatory potential o...

Deep learning of functional perturbations from condensate morphology.

Biomolecular condensates compartmentalize the interior of cells to organize complex functions, yet linking molecular interactions within condensates t...

Diagnostic yield and cost of three-level H&E sectioning in prostate biopsies.

AIM: The traditional three-level H&E sectioning protocol for prostate biopsies was developed for ultrasound-guided systematic sampling and predates le...

Weakly-supervised deep learning on pathological whole-slide images for cutaneous vasculitis and its mimickers: a high-performance diagnostic support tool.

Cutaneous vasculitis represents a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by inflammation and necrosis of blood vessels within the skin, with o...

Tissueformer: extending single-cell foundation models to predict population-level phenotypes.

BACKGROUND: Single-cell RNA sequencing technologies have enabled unprecedented insights into gene expression and opened new pathways for diagnostics a...

Essential Data Elements for Laboratory Test Interoperability: An Expert Consensus-Based Framework.

The increasing digitalization of healthcare necessitates laboratory data interoperability to ensure reliable clinical decision-making, efficient data ...

CT-based deep learning radiogenomics for predicting key glioma genotypes (IDH, ATRX, EGFR, TP53).

PURPOSE: Molecular subtyping guides diagnosis and targeted therapy for gliomas. Although MRI-the current imaging standard-can be time-consuming and is...

A comparative analysis of deep learning models for disease classification in multi-organ histopathological images.

Histopathological whole slide images (WSIs) provide critical information for disease diagnosis, yet their interpretation remains a time-consuming and ...

Fluorescence spectroscopy and machine learning methods for detection of Alzheimer's disease from circulating white blood cells.

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia whose prevalence is projected to increase significantly in the coming decades....

Epigenetic reprogramming of tissue-resident memory T cells in chronic inflammatory disorders and implications for targeted therapies.

BACKGROUND: Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells play a role in causing long-term tissue injury in chronic inflammatory diseases via pathological epig...

Extracellular Vesicles in Exhaled Breath Condensate as Emerging Biomarkers in Lung Cancer.

Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) has emerged as a noninvasive liquid biopsy medium that captures aerosolized material from the respiratory tract and ma...