Pathology

CAD-SEL: A dual-modal colonoscopy dataset of subepithelial lesion.

Subepithelial lesions (SELs) of the gastrointestinal tract encompass a heterogeneous spectrum of histology, ranging from benign to malignant. Their detection during colonoscopy is critical yet challenging, as endoscopic interpretation is highly operator-dependent with variable diagnostic performance. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers great promise for assisting endoscopists in SEL detection and ...

Co-morbid biomarkers for sarcopenic obesity associated with gut microbiota metabolites: From burden to treatment.

BACKGROUND: The detrimental cycle of sarcopenic obesity (SO) significantly reduces quality of life in older adults, while the mechanisms are still unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We first analyzed the incidence of SO using the CHARLS database. We identified key genes by integrating differentially expressed genes, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and targets of gut microbiota metabolit...

Deciphering the potential pathogenic mechanisms of 3-BHA in ovarian cancer through integrated bioinformatics and machine learning strategies.

Ovarian cancer (OC) remains a malignancy characterized by obscure risk factors and unfavorable prognosis. While 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (3-BHA) ...

AI and the digital pathology revolution: clinical applications in cancer diagnosis and assessment.

INTRODUCTION: Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) stained slides are the gold standard for cancer diagnosis but are subject to labor-intensive review and inter-...

Unsupervised single-domain generalization for tissue classification via progressive domain transformation.

Tissue classification is one of the fundamental tasks in computational pathology, but domain shifts in digital pathology images limit the generalizati...

Deep learning approaches for predicting Ki-67 index in breast cancer histopathology images: A systematic review.

Accurately calculating the Ki-67 index, a critical biomarker for cellular proliferation, is pivotal in breast cancer (BC) treatment personalization. V...

From Genomic Instability to Epigenetic Signatures: The Evolving Landscape of Circulating Cell-free DNA in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a leading global health burden, yet its diagnosis and staging rely heavily...

Supervised contrastive learning for cell stage classification of animal embryos.

Video microscopy, when combined with machine learning, offers a promising approach for studying the early development of in vitro produced (IVP) embry...

Hybrid reverse knowledge distillation for adversarial example detection.

Deep neural networks have achieved remarkable success in various computer vision tasks, yet they remain vulnerable to adversarial examples-carefully c...

Detection of benign prostatic hyperplasia using RGB prostate images and deep learning.

This study investigates the identification of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) through a deep learning-based analysis of RGB prostate histopathologi...

An Integrated Clinical-Histopathologic Prediction Model for Cardiac Allograft Rejection: Translating Machine Learning into Clinical Risk Frameworks.

BACKGROUND: Cardiac allograft rejection (CAR) remains the leading cause of early graft failure after heart transplantation (HT). Current diagnostics, ...

Overexpression of NMNAT3 suppresses melanoma progression by reprogramming NAD⁺ metabolism.

BACKGROUND: Melanoma represents a highly aggressive and metastatic form of malignant skin cancer. that remains challenging to treat clinically. Tumor ...

Solution-Tunable Interfacial Interaction Landscape Governs Anomalous Nanoparticle Diffusion in Liquid-Phase Electron Microscopy.

Understanding how nanoparticles move near liquid-solid interfaces is central to nanoscale transport in catalysis, biology, and soft materials. Here, w...

Imaging of Small Cell Lung Cancer: An Updated Overview of Current and Emerging Applications.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma characterized by rapid progression and early metastasis. Despite rec...

AlveolEye: Rapid and precise lung morphometry guided by computer vision.

Rigorous and reproducible evaluation of lung tissue under different conditions is necessary to interpret development, injury, and pharmacologic interv...

A spatiotemporal cell theory for cooperative pattern formation in reinforcement learning-driven evolutionary games.

The emergence and stable evolution of cooperation among self-interested individuals is a central issue spanning evolutionary biology, social dynamics,...

AI assessment of surgical technical skill adaptation across depth levels in simulated tumor resection: a case series study.

OBJECTIVE: Surgical procedures involving varying tissue depths present challenges to surgeons regarding accessibility and precision, restricting instr...

Impact of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Endoscopy on Screening for Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer in a Large-Scale Health Screening Facility.

OBJECTIVES: Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted endoscopy has been developed for the early detection of upper gastrointestinal cancer; however, its ...

A machine learning framework combining cfDNA fragmentomics and serum biomarkers for early ovarian cancer detection.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women, largely due to the lack of effective strategies for early det...

Two-staged CT-based radiomics model in characterising early-stage ovarian carcinoma and benign ovarian masses.

BACKGROUND: Characterisation of CT detected ovarian masses is challenging with overlapping imaging features, unreliable biomarker or clinical presenta...