Pathology

Integrated CT-PET radiogenomics and graph-based multi-task learning for preoperative prediction of key glioma molecular markers.

BACKGROUND: The clinical management of glioma is increasingly dependent on the tumor's molecular profile, particularly the mutation status of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH), the promoter methylation of O-6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase (MGMT), and the co-deletion of chromosomal arms 1p and 19q. Determining these markers requires invasive tissue sampling. This study aimed to develop and valid...

A histopathologically verified dataset of magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopy for classifying the gastric precancerous cascade.

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, yet the development of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems for its early detection is hindered by the scarcity of high-quality datasets utilizing Magnifying Endoscopy with Narrow-Band Imaging (ME-NBI). Addressing this gap, we present EndoWLI-NBI, a large-scale dataset comprising 11,971 ME-NBI images from 868 patients, specifically curate...

AI-assisted histomorphological stratification of endometrial cancer: real-world validation of foundation models for molecular subtyping.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is classified into four molecular subtypes with distinct prognosis and treatment implications. Despite this well-established m...

Explainable AI reveals squamous histology and U-shaped PD-L1 patterns as primary subgroup predictors of neoadjuvant and perioperative immunotherapy benefit in NSCLC: a machine learning analysis.

BACKGROUND: The introduction of neoadjuvant and perioperative immunotherapy has broadened treatment options for resectable non-small cell lung cancer ...

Mechanism of liquiritin from Codonopsis pilosula-Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract in alleviating piglet weaning stress via binding to alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor by machine learning and molecular dynamics simulation.

Weaning stress is a prevalent pathological condition in pig farming, primarily triggered by factors such as nutritional imbalance, oxidative stress, i...

Clinical Implications and Research Progress of Salivary Biomarkers for Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders.

AIMS: Similar to blood, saliva contains a broad range of biomarkers and may offer a non-invasive, repeatable specimen for endocrine and metabolic asse...

Machine Learning-Guided Survival Prediction and Treatment Sequencing in Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma Beyond Second-Line Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

INTRODUCTION: Evidence guiding the optimal sequencing of later-line systemic therapy in advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) remains limited. The aim of...

Unsupervised deep learning enables blur-free resolution enhancement in two-photon microscopy.

Two-photon microscopy enables the non-invasive imaging of deep living tissue. Quantitative three-dimensional analysis is hampered by axial blur and an...

Hyperspectral Imaging for Breast-Conserving Surgery Margin Assessment: A Systematic Review.

CONTEXT.—: Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) offers comparable overall survival rates to mastectomy. However, 14% to 37% of cases require re-excision ow...

Deep learning for H&E-based meningioma molecular classification and outcome prediction: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The introduction of genomic profiling as a tool for molecular classification and clinical outcome prediction has revolutionised the care o...

Deep learning based on multiparametric MRI for differentiating benign from malignant PI-RADS 3 prostate lesions: a dual-center study.

To address the diagnostic challenge of indeterminate PI-RADS 3 prostate lesions, we developed a non-invasive deep learning radiomics model using multi...

The SALV-Dataset Registry: An Expertly Curated Digital Clinicopathological Dataset for Salivary Gland Tumor Research and AI-Assisted Diagnostic Tools.

UNLABELLED: Salivary gland tumors are rare and morphologically diverse, posing both diagnostic and scientific challenges. This study presents the firs...

Comprehensive benchmarking of deep learning architectures for multiclass histopathological classification of oral epithelial lesions.

BACKGROUND: Accurate histopathological differentiation of normal oral epithelium, oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OS...

A decision-oriented framework for genomic testing across the prostate cancer continuum.

Genomic testing is now embedded in contemporary prostate cancer care, yet the clinical meaning of different genomic platforms varies substantially by ...

A systemic immune signature stratifies early-stage breast cancer patients and reveals soluble IL-2RA and PD-1 as potential independent prognostic biomarkers.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Systemic immune dysregulati...

Advancement of deep learning models with whole slide image in diagnosis, subtyping and prognosis for glioma.

Gliomas are heterogeneous primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors with diverse molecular subtypes and variable prognosis. A paradigm shift in hist...

Multi-omics analysis identifies CD48 and ITIH5 as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders associated with obesity.

BACKGROUND: Obesity-driven metabolic disorders involve pathological remodeling of white adipose tissue (WAT), wherein fibroblasts coordinate fibrosis ...

Navigating PI-RADS v2.1 in clinical practice: pitfalls, variability, and the supportive role of AI.

Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) version 2.1 has substantially advanced the standardization of prostate MRI acquisition, interpret...

Educational Frameworks for Diagnostic Decision-Making in AI-Enhanced Head and Neck Pathology.

CONTEXT: This paper examines how artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping diagnostic decision-making in academic and clinical head and neck pathology...

Decoding Occult Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: From AI-Driven Multimodal Fusion to Clinical Translation.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review examines the limitations of conventional macroscopic approaches in detecting occult cervical lymph node metastasis (OCL...