Pathology

Leveraging Machine Learning and Network Biology Approaches to Predict Brain Gene Expression from Blood Transcriptomes.

Blood-based biomarkers offer a promising non-invasive strategy for detecting disease-related changes and monitoring tissue and organ health, including brain function. While recent studies have leveraged blood transcriptomic data to predict gene expression in the brain, existing models generally suffer from poor accuracy, limiting their translational utility. Here, we present an integrative predict...

BudFinder: A Masked Auto-Encoder vision transformer framework for yeast budding detection and lifespan quantification.

Studying replicative aging in yeast is a central component of aging research. Recent advances in time-lapse microscopy and microfluidics now enable continuous, high-resolution tracking of individual yeast cells throughout their lifespan. However, quantifying replicative lifespan from microscopy data remains labor-intensive, as it traditionally requires manual counting of cell division events for e...

Computer Vision and Deep Learning in Small Animal Cytology and Slide Review.

Computer vision (CV) is an emerging application of artificial intelligence (AI) with growing relevance to veterinary cytology. This review provides a ...

Diverse image generation with diffusion models and cross class label learning for polyp classification.

Pathologic diagnosis is a critical phase in deciding the optimal treatment procedure for dealing with colorectal cancer (CRC). Colonic polyps, precurs...

Identification of diagnostic and therapeutic roles of programmed cell death-related proteins in dilated cardiomyopathy: a multi-omics and experimental validation study.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a clinically heterogeneous cardiac disorder characterized by ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction, with limit...

Automated classification of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo from video-nystagmography using a delay-aware neural network.

Nystagmus is a key indicator of vestibular disorders, including benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Accurate diagnosis of BPPV is essential, ...

Identification of GCNT3 as a glycometabolism-associated biomarker in endometrial cancer.

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) incidence is increasing, with diabetes mellitus (DM) elevating EC risk. This study investigates the glycometabolism-associa...

Machine Learning-Based Study on Xin-Pi Simultaneous Treatment Formula via Drug Nanodelivery Systems Regulating Macrophage Polarization and TEAD2/PKM2 Synergistic Repair Strategy in Myocarditis.

BACKGROUND: Myocarditis, as an important cardiovascular disease, involves complex pathogenic mechanisms including immune dysregulation and metabolic d...

Evaluating Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Guideline-Grounded Textual Planning in Implant Dentistry: A Comparative Study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework can enhance citation precision and improve the clinical reliability o...

DNA methylation biomarkers associated with early gastric cardia carcinogenesis.

Gastric cardia cancer (GCC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, underscoring the need for better characterization of molecular alteration...

Evaluating the diagnostic performance of multimodal large language models in thyroid cytology.

Thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is a widely used, cost-effective method for evaluating thyroid nodules. However, interpretation of thyro...

Distilling Knowledge in Gastroenterology: An Artificial Intelligence System for Assisting Colonoscopy and Pathology Report Review.

OBJECTIVE: To develop an efficient and domain-adapted system to process colonoscopy and pathology reports using knowledge distillation techniques. PAT...

Photoacoustic-ultrasound endoscopy for assessment of rectal cancer treatment response: A prospective study with T2-weighted MRI radiomics comparison.

Accurate identification of pathological complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is c...

Quality over quantity: biopsy-anchored CT radiogenomics models outperform all-lesion training in a multi-tumour cohort despite a smaller sample size.

OBJECTIVE: Radiogenomics aims to non-invasively predict tumour genotypes from imaging, but most studies assume molecular homogeneity by assigning a si...

Aberration-aware 3D localization microscopy via self-supervised neural-physics learning.

Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) enables volumetric nanoscopy by retrieving 3D molecular positions from engineered 2D fluorescence patte...

A hyperspectral imaging framework integrating band selection and deep learning for beverage stain classification in forensic analysis.

The technique of Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) is significant in the field of non-destructive forensic crime scene investigation, as it allows for the i...

Machine learning-based integrative analysis identifies CXCL13-driven tertiary lymphoid structures as favorable immune and prognostic features in osteosarcoma.

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma, an aggressive bone malignancy with limited response to immunotherapy, remains a major clinical challenge. Tertiary lymphoid ...

A hybrid machine learning approach for automated malaria diagnosis from thin blood smear images.

BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, requiring diagnostic approaches that are rapid, cost-effective, and accurate. The p...

Progress in Precision Drug Delivery Systems for Neurodegenerative Diseases with Muscle Atrophy.

Neurodegenerative diseases frequently co-occur with skeletal muscle atrophy, creating a complex comorbid condition that significantly accelerates func...

CardioRadNet: Cardiac mass diagnosis through integrated segmentation and radiomic analysis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cardiac masses (CMs), though rare, include a wide spectrum of benign and malignant lesions that require distinct therapeutic...