Pathology

Single-cell and spatial transcriptomic profiling of POU5F1 in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Dynamics, spatial niche, and prognosis via multi-algorithm ML.

BACKGROUND: POU5F1 (OCT4), a core regulator of pluripotency, plays an important role in tumor stemness and immune microenvironment remodeling, yet its systematic function and mechanisms in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain incompletely elucidated. METHODS: This study integrated genetic causality inference, single‑cell and spatial transcriptomics, RNA velocity analysis, and multi‑algorithm machine ...

The Role of Digital Pathology in Optimizing the Quality and Timeliness of Intraoperative Consultation.

BackgroundIntraoperative consultation using frozen sections has been crucial for guiding surgical decisions, but has often been limited by the time and financial costs associated with pathologists traveling to remote sites. The recent regulatory approval of whole-slide imaging for primary diagnosis has positioned digital pathology as the primary solution to overcome these logistical barriers and r...

Artificial intelligence in retinoblastoma and uveal melanoma: a narrative review.

INTRODUCTION: Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping diagnostic paradigms across oncology. In ophthalmic oncology encompassing conditions like reti...

Histology-defined activated cancer-associated fibroblasts are associated with poor survival in diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinoma.

Activated cancer-associated fibroblasts (aCAFs), characterized by distinct histological features including fibroblast proliferation and extensive desm...

Early volume reduction slope as a novel predictor of long-term outcomes following microwave ablation of benign thyroid nodules: a machine learning-enhanced prediction model.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model incorporating early VRR slope kinetics to predict long-term treatment outcomes....

Evaluating the Potential Impact of AI on Urinary Tract Infection Diagnosis in the Emergency Department Across Demographic Groups: Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common emergency department (ED) presentation but can be challenging to diagnose; both overdiagnosis an...

Diagnostic Proficiency of Large Language Models in the Interpretation of Cervical Cytopathology.

To evaluate the diagnostic proficiency of well-established multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs)-specifically Gemini, Claude, and Copilot-in interpr...

Machine learning-based information flow analysis of ECG signals for long QT syndrome.

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide, highlighting the need for non-invasive and cost-effective risk assessment tools. ...

High risk score of breast cancer by artificial intelligence (AI) on screening mammograms: a review of negative and cancer cases.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate mammographic features associated with high artificial intelligence (AI) risk scores as provided by two AI models applied to...

Comparative machine learning analysis of wear characteristics in industrial waste-filled epoxy-jute composites.

This study focuses on the fabrication and analysis of hybrid epoxy based composites using jute fiber (JF) and Linz-Donawitz (LD) sludge as reinforceme...

Integrating Theory and Experiment with Graph Neural Networks to Classify Molecular Self-Assembly on Metal Surfaces.

We introduce a graph neural network framework that integrates density functional theory (DFT) calculations and scanning tunneling microscopy experimen...

Examination of Pathologist-Artificial Intelligence Interactions and Their Impact on Pathologist Accuracy Using Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Scoring of Immunohistochemistry for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2.

CONTEXT.—: Advances in computer vision have fueled the development of artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithms for pathology. AI-assisted approac...

Focused Ultrasound in Brain Tumors: Mechanisms, Imaging Guidance, and Emerging Clinical Applications.

Focused ultrasound (FUS) is an emerging therapeutic and diagnostic technology in neuro-oncology, offering new strategies for molecular diagnosis, drug...

A Biomimetic Nanozyme Engineered via Coordination and Confinement for Photothermal-Reinforced Catalytic Detection of Extracellular Vesicles and Diagnosis of Cancer.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising biomarkers for liquid biopsy. However, their clinical detection is hampered by heterogeneity an...

CellFuse enables Multi-modal Integration of Single-cell and Spatial Proteomics Data for Systems-level Analysis in Cancer.

Analysis of tumors using single-cell and spatial modalities is critical to advance our understanding of cancer. The growth of technologies that enable...

Accuracy of AI-assisted diagnostic tools for Schistosoma haematobium: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Urogenital schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma haematobium remains endemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Diagnosis traditionally relies on urin...

Automatic Detection of Ganglion Cells as a Supporting Tool for Hirschsprung Disease Diagnosis.

Hirschsprung disease (HD) is a congenital disorder characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the colonic nervous plexuses, resulting in bowel ...

Transformer based breast cancer classification from histopathological images using sequential residual recurrent multiscale attention network.

Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality among women globally, highlighting the need for accurate and robust diagnostic systems. This study prese...

Comprehensive evaluation of cross cancer generalization in histopathology segmentation models across 21 tumor types.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence has significantly advanced computational pathology by enabling high-resolution, clinical-grade tumor segmentation ...

KDTViT knowledge distillation, transfer learning and transformer based deep learning framework for efficient histopathology image classification.

Manual detection of breast cancer in histopathology images is a highly complex task due to variations in tissue appearance and the requirement for ana...