Pathology

Novel genomic risk stratification model for primary high-grade malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST).

Risk stratification across the three main clinical subsets of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), neurofibromatosis type I (NF1-related), sporadic, and prior radiation therapy (RT), is based mainly on clinicopathologic parameters, such as size, grade, stage, and NF1 status. Moreover, no prior study investigated the additional impact of genomic alterations in the prognosis of high-grad...

Microstructure-Mediated Inverse Design of Thermal Barrier Coatings via Interpretable, Data-Efficient Machine Learning.

Microstructure control is critical for thermal barrier coating (TBC) performance, yet the complex, nonlinear process-structure relationships impede predictive design. Conventional data-driven approaches are limited by scarce experimental data and poor physical interpretability in end-to-end models. Here, we present a closed-loop machine learning framework that decouples the process-property relati...

Pilot study: external validation of commercial veterinary radiology artificial intelligence services shows deficiencies in interpretation of general practice-sourced canine abdominal radiographs.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of commercial veterinary radiology AI platforms on general practice canine abdominal radiographs wit...

Profiling of hypoxic and extracellular matrix remodeling markers in biofluids and cerebral tissue after traumatic brain injury: expression and signaling crosstalk of HIF-1α, MMP-9/14 and EPHA2.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a formidable clinical, neuropathological, and forensic challenge, constituting a leading cause of death as well a...

Machine Learning Predicts Adequacy of Rapid On-site Evaluation in Fine Needle Aspirations in Lung Cancer Cytology.

Lung cancer is projected to become the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in both smoking and nonsmoking populations. Rapid on-site evaluation ...

Artificial intelligence in medicine: a scoping review of the risk of deskilling and loss of expertise among physicians.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly deployed in clinical practice, particularly in radiology, pathology, endoscopy, and ...

Classification of histological types in ovarian cancer using deep learning.

BACKGROUND: Histological typing of carcinomas is crucial considering the varying progression, prognosis, and treatment efficacy. Clear cell and mucino...

Atypical Ductular Reactions Are a Distinct Regenerative Phenomenon in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Patients after Transarterial Chemoembolization.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is increasingly used in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most frequent primary liver tumor. At...

Integrated machine learning and multi-omics analysis identifies ALOX5 as a potential therapeutic target for tubulointerstitial inflammation in diabetic kidney disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of renal failure. Inflammation of the renal tubules and interstitium is a critical factor in the prog...

Prediction of molecular subtypes from histology: AI-driven analysis of prostate cancer morphological patterns and therapeutic implications.

Molecular subtypes in prostate cancer significantly influence disease characteristics and treatment outcomes, yet obtaining this information requires ...

Estimating major pathological response in non-small cell lung cancer patients with post-neoadjuvant therapy using MMT-net.

Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) has demonstrated considerable effectiveness in treating locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Major pathologi...

Artificial intelligence in inflammatory bowel disease: bridging innovation, implementation and impact.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the management landscape of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While early applications in endosco...

A Deep Learning Framework for Enhanced Ovarian Adnexal Mass Classification Using Routinely Acquired Ultrasound Images.

Accurate classification of ovarian masses is crucial for clinical decision-making. B-mode ultrasound is widely used for imaging adnexal masses, yet co...

Multimodal models for skin cancer classification using clinical freetext and dermatoscopic images.

BACKGROUND: Skin cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers globally, with early detection critical to ensure reduced mortality risk. To aid early de...

5-Hydroxymethylcytosine profiles in circulating cell-free DNA serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and classification of adenomyosis.

BACKGROUND: Adenomyosis diagnosis and classification relies primarily on magnetic resonance imaging or pathological examination. Liquid biopsy has bee...

Patient safety in AI-powered diagnostic pathology.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered diagnostic pathology involves combining traditional histological techniques with computer-assisted AI technology....

Inflammatory protein profiling in immune cells identifies molecular signatures for enhanced diagnostic precision in psoriatic arthritis.

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) lacks reliable biomarkers to support early diagnosis and disease stratification. This study aimed to identify protein signat...

Interpretable CRAM‑Enhanced Lightweight Dual‑Branch CNN for Real‑Time Breast Cancer Histopathology in Internet‑of‑Medical‑Things Environments.

Breast cancer remains a primary global health concern, with histopathological image analysis serving as the diagnostic gold standard. However, manual ...

Artificial intelligence modelling in grading breast phyllodes tumours.

BACKGROUND: Breast phyllodes tumours (PT) are rare biphasic neoplasms consisting of epithelial and stromal components. They are classified into benign...

Microwave Cytometry with Machine Learning for Shape-Resolved Microplastic Detection.

Microplastics are increasingly recognized as a global environmental health threat, yet their detection and characterization remain constrained by the ...