Pathology

Classification of liver tissue pathological changes via optical biopsy based on refractive index sensing.

Optical biopsy enables minimally invasive, quantitative tissue assessment, yet clinically useful implementations require rapid and objective decision-making from compact sensors. We present a refractive-index (RI) driven classification framework based on reflection spectra acquired with an extrinsic fiber-optic Fabry-Pérot interferometric cavity (280 μm) over the biologically relevant RI range 1.3...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the myometrium - benign and malignant disease.

Myometrial lesions are a common indication for pelvic imaging, with accurate characterisation crucial for guiding management. While ultrasonography remains the first-line modality, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers superior tissue contrast, multiplanar capability, and functional assessment, offering the highest accuracy for characterising uterine masses. This review highlights the pivotal ro...

Inhibition of the p38/JNK MAPK pathway mediated by circadian rhythm genes: Study of the mechanism of Linggan Wuwei Jiangxin decoction in the treatment of COPD.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a frequently encountered respiratory disease. Its clinical symptoms ar...

Trichosanthes kirilowii extract alleviated liver fibrosis and acute myocardial infarction by inhibiting VCAN to restrain monocyte senescence: Insights from bioinformatic analyses and experimental validation.

BACKGROUND: Liver fibrosis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) tended to co-occur. Cellular senescence and an imbalanced immune microenvironment wer...

Development of a hybrid deep learning-based framework for liver fibrosis classification using ultrasound images.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Liver fibrosis is a progressive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins with distortion of hepatic architecture and can pro...

A machine learning model for accurate prediction of CMV end-organ disease.

BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) End-Organ Disease (EOD) remains a significant complication in immunocompromised individuals, particularly transplant...

Intelligent identification of medical and veterinary intracellular protozoa by using self-supervised learning.

BACKGROUND: Zoonotic diseases pose a major threat to both human and animal health, contributing significantly to global morbidity and mortality. Accur...

Multi-structure CT radiomics-based consensus model for the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and vascular involvement.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy, with accurate preoperative assessment of vascular involvement criti...

Renal graft imaging: An update and overview.

Imaging of renal graft function and pathology, including delayed graft function (DGF), often requires a multimodal approach. The existing literature d...

Information-Guided Fusion of Multimodal Vibrational Spectroscopy for Disease Diagnosis Based on Symbiotic Attention Decoupled Contrastive Learning.

Vibrational spectroscopy has gained significant attention in medical diagnosis due to its high sensitivity and nondestructive nature. Raman spectrosco...

Transcriptomic subgroups in soft tissue tumors correlate with morphologic subtype, genomic features, and outcome.

PURPOSE: Soft tissue tumors (STT) are highly heterogeneous neoplasms with more than 100 recognized subtypes, many of which lack reliable diagnostic or...

Exfoliated kidney cells from urine for non-invasive kidney transplant monitoring: A potential opportunity?

Kidney transplantation is usually the optimal treatment option for patients living with kidney failure given its associations with improved survival, ...

Precision imaging and evolving therapies in paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas: from molecular diagnostics to imaging-guided management.

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors originating from neural crest-derived chromaffin tissue, marked by clinica...

Clinical Impact of Artificial Intelligence-Augmented Lymph Node Evaluation in Metastatic Gastric, Colorectal, and Breast Cancer.

CONTEXT.—: Lymph node (LN) assessment plays a critical role in cancer staging and prognosis but remains a time-consuming and labor-intensive task in p...

Explainable AI-based analysis of human pancreas sections identifies traits of type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease currently affecting around 500 million people worldwide with often severe health consequences. Yet, histopa...

Normal breast tissue (NBT)-classifiers: advancing compartment classification in normal breast histology.

Cancer research emphasises early detection, yet quantitative methods for normal tissue analysis remain limited. Digitised haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)...

Derivation and validation of a machine learning-driven score to predict the diagnostic yield of endomyocardial biopsy.

Despite its low diagnostic yield, endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) remains the gold standard for establishing a definitive diagnosis in many cardiomyopathi...

A microenvironment-determined risk continuum refines subtyping in meningioma and reveals determinants of machine learning-based tumor classification.

Classification of tumors in neuro-oncology today relies on molecular patterns (mostly DNA methylation) and their machine learning-supported interpreta...

Individualized gamma knife radiosurgery prescription dosing for pituitary adenomas: development and internal validation of a feedforward neural network model.

BACKGROUND: Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is an established treatment for pituitary adenomas yet prescription dose selection is often guided by clin...

Targeting the MPO/LCN2/GMPPB axis in IBS-depression comorbidity: Integrated multi-omics and bidirectional network pharmacology for precision diagnostics and therapeutics.

BACKGROUND: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) exhibit high comorbidity, driven by dysregulation of gut-brain axis int...