Pathology

Gastrointestinal image classification with GIDNet CNN model and non-linear Tansh activation function.

Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases pose significant health risks to humans. To help medical professionals in early GI disease detection and diagnosis through image processing and analysis, this article offers an in-depth exploration of improving GI disease classification through artificial intelligence, specifically focusing on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The central objective of this resear...

Non-coding RNAs as prognostic biomarkers in autoimmune disease.

Autoimmune diseases comprise a broad spectrum of disorders in which both the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system malfunction, mistakenly attacking the body's own tissues and organs. This breakdown in self-tolerance is marked by the generation of autoantibodies that drive tissue damage. Identifying individuals who are likely to develop more aggressive disease at an early stage is cruc...

Semaphorin 7A Regulates Axon Outgrowth in Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue.

PURPOSE: Adipose tissue innervation is critical for regulating lipolysis, adipogenesis, and thermogenesis, yet the mechanisms that establish and maint...

StainStyleSampler: clustering-based sampling of whole slide image appearances.

The appearance of whole slide biopsy images is greatly affected by various factors such as laboratory procedures or the choice of digital slide scanne...

MultiSP deciphers tissue structure and multicellular communication from spatial multi-omics data.

Recent breakthroughs in spatial multi-omics enable simultaneous profiling of different modalities while preserving tissue architecture, providing unpr...

Prediction of the low-temperature properties of electrolyte solvents for lithium-ion batteries via machine learning.

Electrolytes with low melting points (MPs), high boiling points (BPs), and high dielectric constants (ε) can effectively mitigate performance degradat...

Molecular Biointerface Characterization for an Implanted Medical Device Using Cryogenic Orbitrap Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (Cryo-OrbiSIMS).

Implanted medical devices often fail due to foreign body reactions (FBRs), a process that is still not fully understood. This work presents a depth pr...

Auto-LSN: fully automated liver surface nodularity quantification in CT based on deep learning for the evaluation of advanced chronic liver disease.

OBJECTIVES: Liver surface nodularity (LSN) is a recognized non-invasive biomarker of cirrhosis. This study introduces auto-LSN, an artificial intellig...

Breast Cancer Brain Metastases: Current Understanding and Future Directions.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To examine recent advances in understanding breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM), with emphasis on metastatic mechanisms, tumour-m...

Dual elastography ultrasound for classifying metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a cross-sectional study within a prospective cohort.

BACKGROUND: The binary diagnostic approach does not reflect the entire spectrum of metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD. We...

A review of the use of finite element simulation and machine learning techniques in the morphological analysis of breast tissue.

With the advancement of modern medicine and engineering, breast deformation analysis has become increasingly important in the fields such as cosmetic ...

Integrating Regenerative Therapies and Artificial Intelligence for Precision Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers.

SIGNIFICANCE: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) represent one of the most devastating complications of diabetes, leading to high rates of amputation and mor...

Plasmonic artificial inspector for herbal medicines via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and deep learning.

For the safety monitoring of herbal medicines (HMs), HM inspectors carry out an organoleptic examination before acceptance for market supply. The orga...

Optical coherence photoacoustic microscopy for 3D cancer model imaging with AI-assisted organoid analysis.

Cancer organoids and cancer spheroids are 3D cell culture models with distinct yet overlapping purposes in cancer research. Various commercially avail...

Quantification of PET activation in adipose tissue from non-contrast CT scans.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a key role in energy metabolism and cardiometabolic health. Its detection typically relies on 18F-FDG PET, which is c...

Atomically Precise Metal Clusters for NIR-II Imaging.

ConspectusNear-infrared II (NIR-II, 1000-3000 nm), also defined as shortwave infrared (SWIR) imaging, offers reduced light scattering and low tissue a...

Large-scale proteomic profiling identifies distinct inflammatory phenotypes in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a multicentre, prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Host responses during acute respiratory distress syndrome are highly heterogeneous, contributing to inconsistent therapeutic outcomes. Pro...

Prevalence of intestinal parasites in a tertiary care hospital and utility of AI-assisted fecal analyzer for their detection.

INTRODUCTION: Intestinal parasitic infections, caused by protozoa and helminths, can lead to malnutrition, anaemia, and impaired growth. While direct ...

Identification of Micrometastasis in Cervical Lymph Nodes - A Machine Learning-Based Approach.

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) rates have been on the rise globally due to a lack of health care facilities, unaffordable t...

A Computational Pathology Model to Predict Docetaxel Benefit in Localized High-Risk and Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

PURPOSE: Docetaxel improves survival in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) and high-risk localized disease, but benefits vary substa...