Pathology

Impact of tissue staining and scanner variation on the performance of pathology foundation models: a study of sarcomas and their mimics.

Histopathological analysis is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis and prognostication of cancer. Recent advances in AI, driven by large-scale digitisation and pan-cancer foundation models, are opening new opportunities for clinical integration. However, it remains unclear how robust these foundation models are to real-world sources of variability, particularly in H&E staining and scanne...

Quantitative Histological Insights Into Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome: Findings From a Forensic Autopsy Cohort.

Sudden arrhythmic death syndrome (SADS) is a major cause of sudden cardiac death in young individuals, characterized by structurally normal hearts and negative toxicology. Although guidelines recommend family screening, phenotyping remains challenging. This study applied quantitative histology and deep-learning-based cell segmentation to investigate morphological features in SADS compared to contr...

Feasibility of an Augmented Reality Artificial Intelligence Tool for Real-Time Assessment of Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Adequacy.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of developing an artificial intelligence application for real-time specimen adequacy assessment during ultrasound...

Genetic basis of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy: A genomic structural equation modeling and AI-driven structural analysis.

BACKGROUND: Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) constitutes an autoimmune myopathy precipitated by autoantibodies, marked by rapid progression...

Puerarin mitigates tumor necrosis factor-nuclear factor-κB axis-driven macrophage inflammation and atherogenesis: Integrative network pharmacology and experimental validation.

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that constitutes the primary pathological basis of cardiovascular disorders. Althou...

Particle-Based Detection of Surface Chemistry via Optical Microscopy-Integrating Microfluidics, Light-Induced Activity of Colloids and Data Science.

We present particle-resolved methods for determining the porosity and surface area of microparticles, based on single-particle trajectory analysis con...

Identification of Aspergillus at section and species levels by artificial intelligence-based microscopic morphology image recognition.

Rapid and accurate identification of Aspergillus species in clinical microbiology laboratories is crucial for aspergillosis diagnosis and antifungal t...

Relative Aortic Valve Stiffness: A New Parameter Quantifying Aortic Stenosis.

Background: Aortic stenosis (AS) quantification relies on transvalvular gradients or aortic valve opening area (AVA), two measures that inherently dep...

When AI joins the table: evaluating large language model performance in soft tissue sarcoma tumor board decisions.

OBJECTIVES: Multidisciplinary tumor boards (MDTs) are critical for the personalized management of soft tissue sarcomas (STS), but they are limited by ...

Integrative transcriptomic analysis identifies synovium-derived biomarkers for OA-related synovitis and builds a validated diagnostic nomogram.

This study identifies diagnostic biomarkers of OA-related synovitis from synovial tissue expression and develops a validated diagnostic nomogram (diff...

Multicenter clinicopathological study of odontogenic myxoma spectrum lesions using quantitative pathology.

Odontogenic myxoma (OM) and odontogenic myxofibroma (OMF) are rare benign odontogenic tumors characterized by heterogeneous stromal composition, for w...

Comparative analysis of large language models as decision support tools in oral pathology.

This study evaluated the performance of four large language model based chatbots (LLMs) (ChatGPT-4.0, ChatGPT o1-preview, Gemini, and Meta AI) as deci...

Benchmarking spectroscopic-chemometric models for human bloodstain time since deposition in tropical outdoor microenvironments.

Reliable estimation of the time since deposition (TSD) of bloodstains remains a key challenge in forensic reconstruction, particularly under realistic...

Precise, fast, and automated gel quantification powered by YOLO11 instance segmentation.

BACKGROUND: Gel electrophoresis is a cornerstone technique in analytical chemistry and proteomics, yet downstream image analysis remains a bottleneck ...

PH2ST: Prompt-guided hypergraph learning for spatial transcriptomics prediction in whole slide images.

Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) reveals the spatial distribution of gene expression in tissues, offering critical insights into biological processes and ...

Integrating histology and spatial transcriptomics via multimodal transformers and contrastive representation learning for accurate gene expression prediction.

Predicting spatial gene expression from Histological images is a fundamental task in understanding tissue organization and molecular phenotypes. Howev...

Improved sub-visible particle classification in flow imaging microscopy via generative AI-based image synthesis.

Sub-visible particle analysis using flow imaging microscopy combined with deep learning has proven effective in identifying particle types, enabling t...

Deep Learning-Enhanced Biomarker Interpretation on Cytology Cell Blocks - Foundations and Emerging Opportunities in Spatial Pathobiology.

Cytology cell block specimens are essential diagnostic materials in patients with advanced-stage malignancy and often represent the only available sub...

Signature-aware deep learning reveals distinct driver gene programs and mutational processes in glioblastoma and colon adenocarcinoma.

The precise identification of cancer driver mutations is essential for precision oncology; however, it remains a significant challenge because of the ...

Towards deep-learning based detection and quantification of intestinal metaplasia on digitized gastric biopsies: a multi-expert comparative study.

Current gastric cancer (GCa) risk systems are prone to errors since they evaluate a visual estimation of intestinal metaplasia percentages in histopat...