Pediatrics

Humanitarian health computing using artificial intelligence and social media: A narrative literature review.

INTRODUCTION: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 130 million people are in constant need of humanitarian assistance due to natural disasters, disease outbreaks, and conflicts, among other factors. These health crises can compromise the resilience of healthcare systems, which are essential for achieving the health objectives of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of the Uni...

Machine Learning on a Genome-wide Association Study to Predict Late Genitourinary Toxicity After Prostate Radiation Therapy.

PURPOSE: Late genitourinary (GU) toxicity after radiation therapy limits the quality of life of prostate cancer survivors; however, efforts to explain GU toxicity using patient and dose information have remained unsuccessful. We identified patients with a greater congenital GU toxicity risk by identifying and integrating patterns in genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Early prediction of cognitive deficits in very preterm infants using functional connectome data in an artificial neural network framework.

Investigation of the brain's functional connectome can improve our understanding of how an individual brain's organizational changes influence cogniti...

Effects of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure and High-Flow Nasal Cannula on Sucking, Swallowing, and Breathing during Bottle-Feeding in Lambs.

The use of prolonged respiratory support under the form of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) or nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is freq...

Lipids, pH, and Their Interaction Affect the Inhibitory Effects of Carvacrol against Typhimurium PT4 and O157:H7.

Although carvacrol (CAR) is considered an alternative antimicrobial for use in food, few is known about the influence of food-related parameters on it...

An ensemble boosting model for predicting transfer to the pediatric intensive care unit.

BACKGROUND: Early deterioration indicators have the potential to alert hospital care staff in advance of adverse events, such as patients requiring an...

Cognitive science in the era of artificial intelligence: A roadmap for reverse-engineering the infant language-learner.

Spectacular progress in the information processing sciences (machine learning, wearable sensors) promises to revolutionize the study of cognitive deve...

Identification of candidate serum biomarkers of childhood-onset growth hormone deficiency using SWATH-MS and feature selection.

UNLABELLED: A typical clinical manifestation of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a short stature resulting from delayed growth, but GHD affects bone...

Role of FGF23 in Pediatric Hypercalciuria.

BACKGROUND: This study explored the possible role of FGF23 in pediatric hypercalciuria.

17-hydroxiprogesterone values in healthy preterm infants.

INTRODUCTION: In preterm newborn, problems with the interpretation of 17-OHP may occur.

Procalcitonin as Predictor of Bacterial Infection in Meconium Aspiration Syndrome.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of definite consensus on indications for initiating antibiotics in neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), insti...

Baseline total kidney volume and the rate of kidney growth are associated with chronic kidney disease progression in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by progressive enlargement of kidney cysts leading to chronic kidney disease (CK...

Abdominal CT-aided diagnosis of acute appendicitis in the presence of mobile cecum: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: A mobile cecum is a frequently encountered congenital anomaly. It is important to recognize this atypical position of the cecum as it ma...

Key Clinical Factors Predicting Adipokine and Oxidative Stress Marker Concentrations among Normal, Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women Using Artificial Neural Networks.

Maternal obesity has been related to adverse neonatal outcomes and fetal programming. Oxidative stress and adipokines are potential biomarkers in such...

Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of tofacitinib in children with polyarticular course juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results of a phase 1, open-label, multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common pediatric rheumatic disease and a leading cause of childhood disability. The object...

Broad clinical spectrum and diverse outcomes of prolactinoma with pediatric onset: medication-resistant and recurrent cases.

Prolactinoma is a benign tumor of the pituitary gland that rarely occurs in children and adolescents; thus, the clinical spectrum and long-term progno...

Immunologic non-inferiority and safety of the investigational pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D-conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) 4-dose vial presentation compared to the licensed PHiD-CV 1-dose vial presentation in infants: A phase III randomized study.

BACKGROUND: To support vaccination programs in developing countries, a 4-dose vial presentation of pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae pr...

Efficacy and Safety of Combined Oral and Enema Therapy Using Polyethylene Glycol 3350-Electrolyte for Disimpaction in Pediatric Constipation.

PURPOSE: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of combined oral and enema therapy using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350 with electrolyte solution for di...

Robotic exoskeleton assessment of transient ischemic attack.

We used a robotic exoskeleton to quantify specific patterns of abnormal upper limb motor behaviour in people who have had transient ischemic attack (T...

Leaf-GP: an open and automated software application for measuring growth phenotypes for arabidopsis and wheat.

BACKGROUND: Plants demonstrate dynamic growth phenotypes that are determined by genetic and environmental factors. Phenotypic analysis of growth featu...