Pediatrics

Operationalizing Digital Health Equity in Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Patient Decision Aids for Older Adults: Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence-enabled patient decision aids (AI-PDAs) hold promise for supporting older adults with chronic diseases in accessing personalized health information, clarifying preferences, and engaging in shared decision-making. Achieving equity in their design requires attention to the complex health care and digital contexts in which these tools are used. While the Digital He...

Prediction of severe pediatric community-acquired pneumonia using multimodal fusion of chest radiographs and clinical data.

BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, particularly in low-income countries. Severe CAP is associated with high mortality risk, making early prediction and intervention critical. Despite advancements in artificial intelligence applications for disease prediction, most models have focused on adults, with limited attention to pediatr...

Altered thalamic subregional connectivity with default mode and frontoparietal networks in adolescents with depression.

BACKGROUND: The thalamus plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of adolescent depression, with its subregions showing functional heterogeneity. A...

High angular resolution diffusion imaging of neurodevelopment in children through data creation with deep learning.

High-angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) is an advanced method for characterizing brain microstructure and function. However, HARDI is time-c...

Growth factor thermostability dataset derived from experimental and computational approaches to accelerate cultured meat development.

This project compiled experimentally measured and computationally predicted thermostability data for growth factors (GFs) commonly used in cultured me...

Differential Effects of Prenatal Depression and Anxiety on Infant Sleep: Dual-Pathway Mechanisms Involving the HPA Axis and the Gut-Brain Axis.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Prenatal psychological distress is associated with adverse offspring outcomes, including infant sleep disturbances and altered gut m...

Artificial intelligence-enhanced nurse navigation for monitoring and care of long COVID.

INTRODUCTION: Long COVID is a multisystem condition with challenging diagnosis. Nurse-navigation, a patient-centered intervention, can enhance educati...

Development and external validation of a machine learning prediction model for Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in children using routine blood parameters: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a common pediatric infectious disease. Infectious mononucleosis (IM) and hemophagocytic lymphohistio...

Prediction of early recurrence in primary intussusception: development of an ultrasound-based radiomics and deep learning nomogram.

BACKGROUND: Early recurrence of intussusception frequently occurs within 48 h after reduction, yet current assessments lack objective tools for accura...

Feasibility of image-based 3D avatar anthropometry assessment of pediatric obesity: a pilot study.

UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and validity of 3D avatar-based anthropometry for assessing anthropometric indica...

Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions of Large Language Models in Health Care Communication: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Effective health care communication is crucial in the medical field. However, effective communication in clinical practice still faces num...

Machine Learning Algorithms to Accelerate Etiological Diagnosis of Congenital Disorders of Adrenal Steroidogenesis.

BACKGROUND: Early and accurate etiological diagnosis of congenital disorders of adrenal steroidogenesis (CDAS) is critical as timely targeted manageme...

Augmenting Pediatric Care With Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities and Responsibilities for Nurse Practitioners.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a critical tool for nurse practitioners delivering pediatric and adolescent and young adult (A...

ClearDepthIAS enables automated high-throughput quantification of roots in soil-grown taproot crops.

Understanding root system architecture (RSA) is critical for improving crop productivity and resilience, yet phenotyping root traits such as root grow...

Neural networks and behavioral frameworks to analyse the impact of media and individual awareness for controlling epidemics.

Enhancing individual awareness and immunization are generally recognized as fundamental strategies for controlling infectious diseases. Awareness is i...

Automated neonatal sleep positioning assessment by video monitoring and machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Proper positioning during sleep is critical for musculoskeletal and neurological development of preterm neonates, yet current manual asses...

Annotated digital image correlation displacement fields from fatigue crack growth experiments on aluminium alloys.

We present a curated dataset of planar displacement fields from eight fatigue crack growth experiments obtained via full-field digital image correlati...

Rational design of an optimized ferritin nanoparticle vaccine targeting both SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV.

BACKGROUND: Coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV remain threats to global health. Ferritin nanoparticle-based vaccines are promising platfo...

[Research on electrical impedance tomography for pediatric pneumonia based on an improved radial basis function neural network].

In the diagnosis of pediatric pneumonia, the weak conductivity contrast of lung tissues leads to limited image resolution in electrical impedance tomo...

The complementary roles of oversight, education, and collaboration in the responsible integration of artificial intelligence in radiation medicine: White paper of (CADRA).

Artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to fundamentally transform radiation medicine, with growing influence across clinical decision-making, workflow...