Pediatrics

Elucidating Emotional Patterns in Autism Spectrum Disorder: BERT-Based Analysis Reveals Novel Dimensional Structure

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with difficulties in emotion recognition and regulation, which complicates clinical support and treatment. While natural language processing (NLP) has enabled automated emotion analysis, few studies have investigated emotion structure in ASD using dimensional approaches. To develop a BERT-based model for estimating eight-dimensional emotion profiles and...

A Methodology Framework for Analyzing Health Misinformation to Develop Inoculation Intervention Using Large Language Models: A case study on covid-19

The rapid growth of social media as an information channel has enabled the swift spread of inaccurate or false health information, significantly impacting public health. This widespread dissemination of misinformation has caused confusion, eroded trust in health authorities, led to noncompliance with health guidelines, and encouraged risky health behaviors. Understanding the dynamics of misinforma...

Machine Learning-based Mortality Prediction for Pediatric Fulminant Myocarditis Using Cytokine Profiles

Fulminant myocarditis (FM) is a rare but life-threatening pediatric condition that rapidly progresses to cardiogenic shock and fatal arrhythmias. Earl...

Applications of Artificial Intelligence in clinical decision-making and technical support in Oncology: A Scoping Review protocol

The management of cancer care generates vast amounts of data, collected in the clinical registry; however, the interpretation of these unstandardized ...

Automatic Quantification of Ki-67 Labeling Index in Pediatric Brain Tumors Using Qupath

The quantification of the Ki-67 labeling index (LI) is critical for assessing tumor proliferation and prognosis in tumors, yet manual scoring remains ...

Comparing Machine and Deep Learning Models for Pediatric Anxiety Classification using Structured EHRs and Area-based Measures of Health Data

This study investigates the performance of various machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models to classify pediatric patients at risk of anxie...

A Deep Learning Vision-Language Model for Diagnosing Pediatric Dental Diseases

This study proposes a deep learning vision-language model for the automated diagnosis of pediatric dental diseases, with a focus on differentiating be...

Machine learning for the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth using early second and third trimester maternal blood gene expression: A Cautionary Tale

Spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) remains a significant global health challenge and a leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Despite advanc...

Magnetic resonance imaging and the evaluation of vestibular schwannomas: a systematic review

The assessment of vestibular schwannoma (VS) requires a standardized measurement approach as growth is a key element in defining treatment strategy fo...

Measuring the growth of infectious disease modelling publications and their impact on policymaking: a Large Language Model-assisted bibliometric review

Infectious disease modelling (IDM) is increasingly being used to understand disease transmission and inform public health policy. However, its growth ...

Outbreak and Postnatal Antibiotic Exposures Drive the Development Trajectory of the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota in the First Year of Life

Early exposure to antibiotics and prolonged hospitalization in preterm infants may perturb microbiome development and contribute to adverse health out...

AI Implementation in U.S. Healthcare and Its Association With Elder Mortality and Quality of Care

Hospitals are increasingly adopting artificial intelligence (AI) tools in clinical care. However, their overall impact on the health of older adults r...

Mapping Inequities in Global Vaccine Sentiment Research

Negative public sentiment towards vaccination (PSV) poses significant challenges to the effectiveness of immunization programs, with dramatic effects ...

Adolescent engagement and sentiment toward reproductive-health videos on Chinese social media: a cross-sectional content analysis

Adolescent reproductive health information is increasingly sought on social-media platforms, yet the scope, credibility, and emotional reception of su...

Development of a Rule-Based Natural Language Processing Algorithm to Extract Sleep Information in Pediatric Primary Care Patients with a Sleep Diagnosis

Retrospective analysis of sleep health among pediatric patients can enable important care and condition related discoveries. Often, sleep health is on...

Lack of children in public medical imaging data points to growing age bias in biomedical AI

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming healthcare, but its benefits are not reaching all patients equally. Children remain overlooked wi...

Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Artificial Intelligence Enabled Diabetes Interventions in Lower-Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review Protocol

Diabetes represents an emerging global health crisis, with lower-middle-income countries experiencing a fast growth in prevalence. Diabetes care in th...

Diagnostic accuracy of a high-throughput multiplex immunoassay for the detection of Mpox virus infection and MVA-BN vaccination up to two years after exposure

Mpox, caused by mpox virus (MPXV), has gained global attention following the 2022 Clade IIb outbreak and the emergence of two novel Clade I lineages i...

Towards automated multi-regional lung parcellation for 0.55-3T 3D T2w fetal MRI

Fetal MRI is increasingly being employed in the diagnosis of fetal lung anomalies and segmentation-derived total fetal lung volumes are used as one of...

Empirical Review of LLM-driven Classification of Multidimensional Sleep Health Mentions from Free-Text Clinical Notes

Accurate multidimensional sleep health (MSH) information is often fragmented and inconsistently represented within hospital infrastructures, leaving c...