Latest AI and machine learning research in pediatrics for healthcare professionals.
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in clinical medicine, but a persistent performance gap exists in the pediatric domain due to its unique complexities. This study provides the first comparative evaluation of the new GPT-5 family (Nano, Mini, and full) to assess the impact of model scale on diagnostic accuracy and this specific adult-pediatric disparity. A benchma...
Appendicitis is a common condition among children and adolescents. Machine learning models can offer much-needed tools for improved diagnosis, severity assessment and management guidance for pediatric appendicitis. However, to be adopted in practice, such systems must be reliable, safe and robust across various medical contexts, e.g., hospitals with distinct clinical practices and patient populati...
To streamline the development of clinical machine learning (ML) models for predicting acute neurological morbidity in critically ill children by exten...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a heritable and incurable disease defined by the degeneration of motor neurons (MNs), yet the genetics of ALS r...
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, pediatric vasculitis associated with coronary artery abnormality (CAA) development. Echocardiography at month 1 pos...
Suicide is a leading cause of death among adolescents (aged 12–18), yet predicting it remains a significant challenge. Many cases go undetected becaus...
Long COVID is a well-documented post-viral syndrome, while post-vaccination syndrome (PVS) remains poorly characterized. Understanding their similarit...
Recent studies have found that stigmatizing terms can incline physicians to pursue punitive approaches to patient care. The intensive care unit (ICU) ...
Very preterm infants face a considerably higher risk of neurodevelopmental delays, making early diagnosis and timely intervention crucial for improvin...
Maternal obesity poses significant risks to fetal health, influencing metabolomic profiles in newborn cord blood. Despite the growing application of m...
Substance use disorders (SUD) are a leading cause of psychiatric hospitalization among adolescents, yet the underlying diagnostic profiles and comorbi...
This study evaluates the capability of diffusion-based generative models to reconstruct diagnostic-quality renal cortical images from reduced-acquisit...
Small open-source medical large language models (LLMs) offer promising opportunities for low-resource deployment and broader accessibility. However, t...
Interest in the use of prediction models to support referrals to palliative care is surging. Few high-performing models have been developed, implement...
Our objective was to build classifiers for multiple phenotypes that categorize a cohort of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD), that can be us...
To identify post-marketing adverse event (AE) signals associated with isotretinoin using real-world data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (F...
Sex differences in mental health become more evident across adolescence, with a two-fold increase of prevalence of mood disorders in females compared ...
Despite recent advances in brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) for speech restoration, existing systems remain invasive, costly, and inaccessible to indi...
Despite biomarker-guided treatment strategies, clinical outcomes among patients with type 2 (T2)-high asthma remain heterogeneous, with some patients ...
Adolescence and young adulthood (10-25 years) constitute a sensitive developmental period marked by rapid biological, psychological, and social change...