Pediatrics

Beyond the 'Pregnancy Black Box': a global roadmap for artificial intelligence-driven pharmacogenomics in maternal-neonatal health.

Maternal and neonatal health (MNH) urgently requires precision medicine interventions, as morbidity, mortality, and health disparities hinder the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 3. Clinical implementation of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered Pharmacogenomics (PGx) requires validated, transparent algorithms and frameworks. The "pregnancy black box"-which refers to a data void due to ...

Comprehensive behavioral and demographic correlates in myopia risk among Tibetan adolescents: a machine learning analysis using non‑cycloplegic refraction.

Myopia is a global public health concern, especially among children and adolescents. This exploratory study aimed to develop a myopia risk prediction model for Tibetan adolescents using interpretable machine learning, while explicitly acknowledging the methodological limitations of non-cycloplegic refraction and self-reported data. We included 735 Tibetan adolescents. An XGBoost algorithm was used...

Green finance and technological innovation interact to shape economic growth in China.

This study investigates the direct effects and the interaction between green finance and technological innovation on China's economic growth. The empi...

AI in the NICU: Considerations for Nursing Practice and Advocacy in Quality Care Outcomes for Patients and Families.

BACKGROUND: Neonatal nurses and APRNs may not recognize when AI drives an alert, recommendation, or summary unless training and policy make it explici...

PCT-Anchored Machine Learning for Pre-Culture Identification of Gram-Negative Sepsis in Children: A Four-Site Study.

OBJECTIVE: Procalcitonin (PCT) has moderate accuracy for bacteremia detection but is infrequently used in pediatric emergency departments, partly due ...

Machine Learning Models for Prediction of Response to Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Pediatric Acute Liver Failure.

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) artificially lowers prognostic markers such as INR and bilirubin, complicating timely decisions regardin...

Evaluating machine learning algorithms at predicting developmental trajectories using sequential dataset truncation of voluntary alcohol consumption in adolescent mice.

BACKGROUND: Adolescent alcohol consumption is a known risk factor for developing alcohol use disorder (AUD) in adulthood, but individual susceptibilit...

Interpretable machine learning via symbolic classification of radiomic texture and morphological features for pediatric pneumonia detection from chest X-rays.

Explainable artificial intelligence in medical imaging is currently dominated by post-hoc tools that rationalise the decisions of otherwise opaque dee...

Sulfur-Induced Shape Compliance Modulates Fe Catalyst Agglomeration in Carbon Nanotube Growth.

Large-scale carbon nanotube (CNT) synthesis based on floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FC-CVD), unlike conventional CVD, utilizes a growth ...

Chiari malformation type 1 is associated with a smaller fourth ventricle volume - a multi-cohort replication study.

Chiari Malformation Type 1 (CM1) is canonically defined by ectopic position of the cerebellar tonsils with additional anatomic variations described in...

Artificial intelligence and the evolution of the electrocardiogram: from cardiovascular diagnostic tool to digital biomarker.

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a cornerstone of cardiovascular care. Traditionally, it has relied on expert visual interpretation and rule-based syste...

Telesurgery and remote surgery research: a bibliometric analysis of scientific growth, collaboration, and thematic evolution.

Telesurgery and remote surgery have gained relevance in surgical innovation due to advances in robotics, telepresence, artificial intelligence, and hi...

Reimagining Dental Education: Integrating Digital Technologies for a Global, Digitally Native Generation-A Perspective.

ABSTRACT: Digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), and haptic simulation, are rapidly reshaping oral health e...

Phenotyping of pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease using latent class analysis: insights from a national prospective registry.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD) is characterized by substantial prognostic and therapeu...

Effectiveness of screening protocols to reduce MRSA colonization in a pediatric hospital.

BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major nosocomial pathogen that can be carried asymptomatically or cause invasive i...

Training set augmentation and biology-aware harmonization improve radiomic models for lung cancer prediction in indeterminate nodules.

CT radiomics-based machine learning has potential to predict lung cancer in pulmonary nodules (PNs) earlier than standard-of-care methods. Low maligna...

Interpretable machine learning model for predicting kidney failure among CAKUT children in multicenter large-scale study.

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the leading cause of pediatric kidney failure, but predicting individual progression ...

Terahertz reflectivity dataset: Reading text on both sides of the page.

Non-destructively reading text on a sheet of paper with characters on both sides, when those characters might be obscured, unreadable visually, and th...

Development of a Conversational AI Intervention for Preventing Illegal Filming Among South Korean Adolescents: A Pediatric Health Perspective.

INTRODUCTION: This study aims to develop a Conversational AI-based illegal filming prevention education program (C-IFPE) for South Korean adolescents,...

Association between long-term PM2.5 exposure and risk of urinary tract infection in children: a nationwide longitudinal cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the most common bacterial infections in children and can lead to both acute and chronic complicatio...