Pediatrics

Comparative sensitivity and specificity of change in third ventricular diameter or global ventricular change for detecting pediatric ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction: a 10-year retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: Clinical features of shunt malfunction are often nonspecific and neuroimaging is a well-established aid in diagnosis. In practice, qualitative assessment of overall ventricular change guides management; however, change in third ventricular diameter (TVD) alone has been proposed as a low-complexity quantitative index of overall ventricular change. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnos...

Application Value of Radiomics-Based Machine Learning for Preoperative Risk Stratification of Bladder Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Some researchers have explored the application of radiomics-based machine learning to detect preoperative muscle invasion, high-grade tumors, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression, and other risk factors for bladder cancer. However, systematic evidence proving its effectiveness remains lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of radiomics-based mac...

The Search for Borderline Hearts within Biventricular Repairs of Complete Atrioventricular Septal Defects.

OBJECTIVES: To discover distinct clusters of morphologic features within the spectrum of complete atrioventricular septal defect (cAVSD) among childre...

ADHD medications and preadolescent brain structure: patterns of cortical attenuation from the ABCD study.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in the U.S. Amphetamine (AMP), methylphenidate (MPH), a...

Comment on "A MATLAB Algorithm to Automatically Estimate the QT Interval and Other ECG Parameters and Validation Using a Machine Learning Approach in Congenital Long-QT Syndrome".

Multiagent First-Person Perspective Analysis for Leadership Assessment in Pediatric Emergency Simulations: A Feasibility Study.

BACKGROUND: Conventional leadership assessments provide structured ratings but offer limited observer-independent metrics. Because leadership and team...

Computational tools for personalizing treatment of acute respiratory failure, from machine learning to digital twins: a narrative review.

Patient-specific computational tools hold great promise for the development of more personalized treatment strategies for acute respiratory failure. S...

Machine learning-based linking of bacterial genomes to optimal growth pH: a foundation for rational microbial engineering.

BACKGROUND: Bacterial optimal growth pH is pivotal for enzymatic activity, niche adaptation, and synthetic biology applications (e.g., probiotic desig...

Uptake of Clinical Decision Support Systems Among Health Care Professionals in Six European Countries and the United States: Cross-Sectional Survey Within the I-CARE4OLD Project.

BACKGROUND: The use of Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS), such as clinical decision rules, algorithms, or machine learning-based applications, ...

Applying machine-learning models to successful vaginal birth after two cesareans.

BACKGROUND: Vaginal birth after two cesarean deliveries (VBAC2) is increasingly recognized as a reasonable and, in selected cases, preferable option. ...

Hierarchical Amplification-Interlinked CRISPR-Cas14a Luminescent Biosensor Coupled with Portable Photonic Crystal Biochip-Boosted Time-Delayed Signaling for the Diagnosis of Pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a respiratory infection that readily propagates within pediatric populations, and thus, the development of a ...

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery research hotspots and emerging trends in 2025: A targeted bibliometric analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To perform a targeted bibliometric analysis of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) literature from 2025 to map its current intellect...

Disparities in Engagement with an Artificial Intelligence-Based Chat Intervention Post-appendectomy.

PURPOSE: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based text messaging, or "chat," in post-appendectomy care has been shown to decrease preventable emergency depa...

High-throughput analysis of multimodal monitoring data: the role of machine learning in early warning systems for high-risk neonates.

The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) generates vast amounts of high-throughput, multimodal monitoring data, offering unprecedented potential for id...

Lightweight CNN SE transformer for robust weed classification with optimizer aware performance.

During the early growth stages of crops, the weeds present can severely affect crop yields. Accurate and fast identification of the types of weeds pre...

Benchmarking GPT-5, Gemini 2.5 Pro, Grok 4, and other LLMs on pediatric dentistry questions from a dental specialization exam.

Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs), is an increasingly prominent tool in medical and dental education. Trained wi...

[Research progress in diagnostic key points of pediatric pathological myopia].

Pathological myopia has become one of the leading causes of irreversible blinding eye disease in China, yet its early diagnosis, especially in childre...

Advancing high-altitude medicine: a model for the future.

With rising global high-altitude travel, occupational exposure, and permanent habitation, the health burden of high-altitude-specific diseases and hig...

Deformable image registration for self-supervised cardiac phase detection in cardiac magnetic resonance images of patients with various diseases.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is widely used to assess cardiac function, but individual cardiac cycles complicate automatic temporal compari...

Clinical implementation of artificial intelligence in adolescent mental healthcare.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to summarize recent literature on artificial intelligence (AI) tools for adolescent mental health, including the t...