Latest AI and machine learning research in pediatrics for healthcare professionals.
Neonatal brain atlases provide essential spatial references for studying early brain development and supporting atlas-based neuroimaging analysis. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the methodological evolution of neonatal brain template construction, which can be broadly categorized into five stages: static atlas generation, iterative groupwise averaging, spatiotemporal atlas modeling,...
BACKGROUND: Childhood trauma (CT) significantly increases vulnerability to adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD), yet the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS: This study applied graph-theoretical analysis to structural MRI data to examine how CT influences brain structural networks and antidepressant treatment outcomes in adolescent MDD. A total of 339 adolescents wi...
Lung ultrasound (LUS) is increasingly utilized for diagnosing pediatric pneumonia due to its bedside accessibility, radiation-free nature, and high di...
BACKGROUND: Klebsiella pneumoniae complex (Kp) is a relevant neonatal pathogen colonizing preterm infants. While outbreak investigations often focus o...
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to construct and verify machine learning (ML) models to predict long-term abdominal obesity (AO) risk in children and ado...
INTRODUCTION: Typhoid intestinal perforation (TIP) remains a significant cause of pediatric morbidity in resource-limited settings, with prolonged hos...
INTRODUCTION: Communicating about adolescent health topics with adolescents and their parents is crucial in improving health and health behaviors. Thi...
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence implicates eosinophils as important modulators of disease activity and therapeutic response in ulcerative colitis. Autom...
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) integrated with point-of-care imaging is a promising approach to expand access in settings with limited speci...
The development of quantum photonics relies on the availability of high-quality, on-demand single-photon sources. Most appropriate are semiconductor Q...
INTRODUCTION: Dementia imposes significant care and financial burdens on families and countries globally. While high-quality home-based care is crucia...
OBJECTIVE: This feasibility study aimed to assess the potential of freely available large language models (LLMs) to support clinical decision-making i...
The pediatric brain represents a dynamic biological target characterized by rapid myelination and functional reorganization, which presents unique cha...
This Pediatric Issue of the Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society addresses the digital and robotic transformation of pediatric neurosurgery. It rev...
Pediatric hydrocephalus is commonly assessed on computed tomography (CT) using manual two-dimensional indices that incompletely reflect the ventricula...
BACKGROUND: Optimization of biotechnological processes is traditionally limited by time-consuming trial-and-error approaches and the complexity of sim...
The therapeutic efficacy of systemic treatments in cancer therapy is invariably limited by the biophysical barriers, including vascular endothelial ba...
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a persistent clinical challenge, with diagnostic strategies largely relying on reactive staging criteria that ...
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capability of a large language model (LLM) for performing each of the steps of clinical prac...