Pediatrics

Comparing physician and artificial intelligence chatbot responses to preterm infant care questions posted to a public medical consultation forum: evaluation study.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to compare the preterm infant care advice generated by ChatGPT with responses from neonatologists in an online medical consultation forum. STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study involving 22 evaluators (12 experienced neonatologists and 10 lay users) compared the responses of an AI chatbot (ChatGPT 4o) and online human experts to 60 preterm infant care-related questio...

Deep learning for pediatric synovial recess distension detection in hemophilia: synthetic image augmentation with styleGAN2-ADA.

PURPOSE: Pediatric musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) datasets are scarce, especially for rare, sex-linked conditions such as hemophilia. Models trained on adult data have limited generalizability due to anatomical differences. We aimed to improve pediatric synovial recess distension (SRD) classification by augmenting real data with synthetic images. METHODS: We developed a tailored augmentation f...

Bioinformatics analysis and qRT-PCR validation of iron metabolism-related genes in pediatric asthma.

Pediatric asthma (PA) is a chronic airway disease with a complex etiology, and iron metabolism disorder is believed to be involved in its pathogenesis...

An algorithm to identify less invasive surfactant administration using a real-world database of preterm infants.

BACKGROUND: Surfactant replacement therapy is central to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) management in preterm infants, which can be delivered usi...

Artificial intelligence in pediatric urology: Opportunities, limitations, and the need for methodological rigor.

Clinical accuracy and applications of the Pediatric Assessment Triangle in emergency care: a narrative review.

BACKGROUND: The Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) is a rapid visual assessment framework designed to support early identification of critically ill ...

Comparing Images of Depression in Mass Media and AI-Generated Pictures: Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Images play an important role in reducing stigma related to mental health, which often is distorted in the media. In recent years, generat...

Nurses' Evaluation of a Service Robot for Inpatient Care: Technology Acceptance Study.

BACKGROUND: The integration of robotic systems into nursing practice is increasingly discussed as a potential strategy to alleviate workload and suppo...

Image Quality Advancements in Low-Dose Pediatric CT Using Super-Resolution Deep-Learning Reconstruction.

The objective of the study is to assess the impact of super-resolution deep-learning reconstruction (SR-DLR) on image quality in low-dose thin-slice p...

AI-based autism identification from hyperspectral imaging detection of oxidative stress in pediatric red blood cells.

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress (OS) plays a key role in many pathologies, yet the non-invasive, label-free, and cost-effective detection remains a chall...

AI-based classification of pediatric sagittal skeletal patterns using multi-view facial photographs.

OBJECTIVE: The increasing global demand to assess pediatric skeletal malocclusions poses a growing challenge, as current screening methods are depende...

BDFlower: Growth stage flower image dataset for precision agriculture and floriculture.

This study presents a comprehensive BDFlower growth stage dataset designed to support research in precision agriculture and floriculture. The dataset ...

OGTFinder: A Curated Growth Temperature Data Set and Its Application To Predict Optimal Growth Temperatures of Bacteria and Archaea.

The optimal growth temperature (OGT) of organisms is valuable in bioprospecting enzymes that work under extreme conditions. Existing OGT prediction mo...

Responsible AI for Predicting Delayed Hospital Discharge Among Older Adults: Development and Evaluation Study for Balancing Accuracy, Equity, and Explainability.

BACKGROUND: Amid growing demands and constrained health care resources, effective hospital bed capacity management is crucial. Delayed hospital discha...

Designing Psychologically Grounded Artificial Intelligence for Supporting Bystander-Based Cyberaggression Intervention: Mixed Methods Exploratory Study.

BACKGROUND: Cyberaggression poses a growing threat to mental health, contributing to increased distress, reduced self-esteem, and other adverse psycho...

Exploring Metabolic Changes in Children with Congenital Hypothyroidism: A Serum Metabolomic Study Combined by Machine Learning.

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a genetic endocrine disorder that can cause developmental delays if it is untreated. In this study, NMR-based metabo...

Topical review: Incorporating generative artificial intelligence into neuropsychology training: best practices, pitfalls, and recommendations for effective implementation.

OBJECTIVE: Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the field of neuropsychology by offering innovative opportunities to enhanc...

NEW TECHNOLOGY IN SKIN AND FACIAL ANALYSIS: Elevating the Clinical Encounter for Patients and Providers.

Aims and Background Aesthetic medicine has undergone remarkable growth, yet the clinical infrastructure supporting the patient encounter has not kept ...

Enhanced precision in cell culture analytics: leveraging artificial intelligence for unbiased and non-destructive assessment of cell growth and viability.

Precise assessment of cell growth, count, and viability is a prerequisite for biological and medical research. Traditional cell analytics involve manu...

Prediction of premature rupture of fetal membranes using deep learning in East China.

If premature rupture of fetal membranes (PROM) can be forecasted, doctors can formulate individualized medical treatment plans and optimize the utiliz...