Pediatrics

Latest AI and machine learning research in pediatrics for healthcare professionals.

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Long-term alterations of cerebellar structure after premature birth.

BACKGROUND: Alterations of cerebellar volume were reported in prematurely-born children, adolescents and adults, suggesting long-lasting effects on cerebellar growth. However, studies mostly examined global cerebellar volumes, which could disguise focal, subregional differences. METHODS: Based on T1-/T2-weighted MRI, this voxel-based morphometry study used the SUIT toolbox for optimized analysis o...

Apr 9 2026 41966235

Pollutant-Specific Pathways Linking Gaseous Air Pollution to Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: Direct and Sleep-Mediated Effects in a Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine associations between multiple gaseous air pollutants across different developmental periods and depressive in late adolescence. We also investigated the mediating role of sleep duration. METHODS: This population-based longitudinal cohort study consisted of 10,859 adolescence Taiwan followed up to 2 years. The exposures consisted of residential concentrations ...

Apr 9 2026 41966238
'Malnutrition Receives High Priority': Nurses' Experiences in Providing Nutritional Support in Hospitalized Patients-A Qualitative Study.

AIMS: To describe nurses' experiences in managing malnutrition in hospitalized adults and providing support along an interprofessional nutritional sta...

Apr 9 2026 41957687
Enhancing Community-Based Nursing Decision Support: Machine Learning Models for Diabetes Risk Prediction Using Home Health Nursing Notes.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify high-risk factors for type 2 diabetes and develop a machine learning (ML)-based diabetes prediction model usi...

Apr 9 2026 41957825
Extended Reality in Neurosurgery : Surgical Planning, Navigation, Education, and Patient Communication.

Extended reality (XR), encompassing virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR), has emerged as a transformative technology i...

Apr 9 2026 41952533
An Emerging Role of Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Neuroanesthesia.

Anesthesia for pediatric neurosurgery represents a highly complex and challenging field, characterized by age-dependent physiological variability, het...

Apr 9 2026 41952534
What Kind of Other Is AI? Symbolization, Desire, and Adolescent Development in the Age of Artificial Intelligence.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming a new kind of other in the psychic lives of adolescents. From emotionally responsive chatbots to AI-enhanced ...

Apr 9 2026 41952548
Eight tips for team-based scholarship in integrated care.

INTRODUCTION: This article presents eight practical strategies to enhance team-based scholarship in integrated care workforce development for the nonr...

Apr 9 2026 41955052
Empathic AI for Patient-Centered Cancer Care: A Scoping Review of Patient Navigation, Support, and Clinical Practice.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly reshaping oncology, offering advancements in clinical care and patient support. A growing area of ...

Apr 9 2026 41955525
Innovations in Deaf Health Care Communication: Systematic Review of Sign Language Recognition Systems.

BACKGROUND: Deaf individuals often face communication challenges when interacting with those who can hear. Within health care settings, these challeng...

Apr 9 2026 41955542
Direct Annotation of Unstructured Clinical Progress Notes Describes Postpartum Healthcare Needs and Encounter Characteristics of Women Whose Newborns Are Immediately Hospitalized in Intensive Care.

BACKGROUND: Among children's hospitals with integrated high-risk prenatal care and birthing facilities, the reasons for postpartum care-seeking, and d...

Apr 9 2026 41955628
Preoperative MRI-Derived Navigation Reduces Radiation Exposure in Pediatric Spinal Fusion.

BACKGROUND: Minimizing radiation exposure during pediatric spinal deformity correction is critical due to the cumulative lifetime effects of ionizing ...

Apr 9 2026 41949333
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Dentistry: An Umbrella Review.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied in pediatric dentistry for caries detection, risk prediction, anomaly identification,...

Apr 8 2026 41952278
Development of an Integrated Deep Learning Approach for Detecting Fetal Brain Abnormalities in Routine Second Trimester Ultrasound Scan: A Multicenter Study.

Purpose To develop and validate an anatomy-aware, two-stage, end-to-end deep learning (DL) pipeline for fetal brain abnormality automated detection on...

Apr 8 2026 41949456
Increasing Large Language Model Accuracy for Care-Seeking Advice Using Prompts Reflecting Human Reasoning Strategies in the Real World: Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Current prompting techniques for large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, mainly focus on well-structured, low-uncertainty problems;...

Apr 8 2026 41950369
Time Savings Through an AI Speech Assistant for Nursing Documentation: Pre-Post Time-Motion Study in German Long-Term Care.

BACKGROUND: Nurses in long-term care spend up to one-third of their working time on documentation, contributing to administrative burden and limited t...

Apr 8 2026 41950503
Impact of multimodal information on the estimation of fetal growth indicators using machine learning regression models.

Accurate estimation of fetal growth indicators such as birth weight, birth length, and gestational age at birth is essential for monitoring pregnancy ...

Apr 8 2026 41950942
A hybrid spatial-frequency attention-based algorithm using efficientnet for robust and interpretable deepfake detection.

The recent pace of generative media synthesis methods has greatly enhanced the credibility and accessibility of deepfake content, which causes serious...

Apr 8 2026 41951724
Multimodal fusion of speech and PHQ-9 for machine learning-based adolescent depression screening.

BACKGROUND: Traditional screening for adolescent depression primarily relies on self-reported symptoms. However, this method is vulnerable to under-re...

Apr 7 2026 41956220
Deep learning-enabled scaffolding of spatial arrays of PfCSP epitopes.

Malaria is a leading cause of disease in developing countries. The licensed malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01 confers partial protection in part due to the e...

Apr 7 2026 41945436
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