Pediatrics

Machine learning-based 4-domain framework for evaluating COVID-19 policy responses: a counterfactual analysis of 27 European OECD countries.

OBJECTIVES: European countries implemented highly diverse mitigation policies during the COVID-19 pandemic, ranging from strict nationwide lockdowns to more voluntary approaches. This study aims to understanding how timing, stringency, and comprehensiveness of policy responses influenced epidemic trajectories by applying machine learning-based counterfactual analysis. METHODS: Data from 27 Europea...

Disparate size and stock status between two Sardina pilchardus stocks in northwest African waters.

Small pelagic species like the European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) are highly sensitive to fishing pressure and environmental variability. This study evaluates the impact of oceanographic changes on sardine growth and stock status in western African waters. Using length-at-age data from commercial fisheries spanning Morocco to Mauritania, we estimated growth parameters through a Bayesian Monte C...

Adherence to guidelines, pitfalls, and emerging technologies in endoscopic practice for celiac disease: a nationwide SIGENP survey.

UNLABELLED: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) with duodenal biopsies remains the gold standard for diagnosing celiac disease (CD) in children an...

An interpretable machine learning model for predicting prognosis of medulloblastoma integrating genetic and clinical features.

BACKGROUND: Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, lacks prognostic tools integrating clinical, molecular, and treatme...

Automated interpretation of fetal cardiac function evaluation from the echocardiogram.

Prenatal assessment of fetal cardiac function is crucial for predicting neonatal outcomes, yet manual echocardiographic measurements are labor-intensi...

Pediatric SleepNet: A Deep Learning Network for Reliable Pediatric Sleep Staging Across Developmental Stages.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Manual sleep staging in pediatric populations is challenging due to developmental variability and limited scoring consistency, espec...

The Identification of Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome Through Swap Disentangled Variational Autoencoder.

Congenital syndromes with subtle changes in maxillofacial morphology can pose significant diagnostic challenges, wherein artificial intelligence holds...

The dual effects of individual and contextual factors on adolescent problematic internet use: Machine learning approaches and SHAP explanations.

PURPOSE: This study applied the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model and the Relational Development System Theory (RDS) to ...

GOLD 2026: Transforming COPD Management with Early Intervention, Multi-dimensional Assessment, and Personalized Care.

The 2026 report from the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) introduces substantial conceptual and practical updates to the ...

Quantification of Ki-67 labeling index in pediatric brain tumor immunohistochemistry images.

Quantification of the Kiel 67 (Ki-67) labeling index (LI) is critical for assessing proliferation and prognosis in tumors but manual scoring remains a...

Non-contact monitoring in neonatology.

To present and critically evaluate current contactless monitoring modalities - infrared thermography (IRT), photoplethysmography imaging (PPGI), balli...

Automatic pose estimation in newborn infants: Lessons from the Baby Grow study.

Advances in computational techniques-particularly machine learning-have expanded opportunities to analyse early infant motor repertoires, especially i...

The Brain-Age Gap in Pediatric Dystonia: Neuroanatomical Deviations Inform Deep Brain Stimulation Outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Dystonia in children is a heterogeneous condition with variable response to deep brain stimulation (DBS). Brain-age gap, a machine learnin...

Sociodemographic Risk Factors for Incomplete Routine Childhood Immunizations Among Children Born During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Louisiana, March 1, 2020-July 1, 2021.

OBJECTIVE: Routine childhood vaccination rates declined nationwide among children born during 2020-2021 compared with prior birth cohorts. We identifi...

European Health Care Professionals' Readiness, Benefits, and Ethical Concerns Regarding Generative AI in Continuing Education.

INTRODUCTION: Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools such as ChatGPT are rapidly transforming health care education. Understanding how healt...

Dysbiosis of fecal virome in pediatric Crohn's disease and its dynamic changes during infliximab therapy.

UNLABELLED: The gut virome is an emerging but underexplored component of the human microbiota, especially in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD). This stud...

Correction: Clinical Applications of Data Science and Machine Learning in the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit.

Doctor-patient communication in Chinese cancer care: a qualitative exploration.

Patient-centred care (PCC) receives less attention in developing countries like China. The aim of our study was to qualitatively explore how doctors i...

Telepathology and Mobile Health System for Province-Wide Pathology Consultation in Henan, China: Retrospective Evaluation Study.

BACKGROUND: Telepathology has emerged as a transformative digital health solution to address the global shortage of pathologists and the unequal distr...

Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools: Evaluating Ways to Automate Your SALT (GATEWAYS) Scoring of Alopecia Areata.

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease affecting hair follicles that results in nonscarring hair loss. AA impacts 0.1%-0.2% of the ...