Pregnancy

Machine learning-based optimization of a single-element transcranial focused ultrasound transducer for deep brain neuromodulation in mice

Transcranial focused ultrasound is an emerging noninvasive neuromodulation technique that offers high spatial precision and the potential for deep brain penetration. However, due to skull-induced attenuation and acoustic aberrations, precisely stimulating deep brain regions in mice remains challenging. To address this challenge, this study introduces a machine-learning-based computational framewor...

AI-Driven and 3D-Bioprinted New Approach Methodology (NAM) Identifies NEO100 as Potent Ultrasound-Activated Therapeutic for Primary and Metastatic Brain Tumors

Primary and metastatic brain tumors are among the deadliest and treatment-resistant cancers, mainly because of their inherent resistance to chemoradiation and limited drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Identifying molecules that can cross the BBB and serve as sonosensitizers is crucial for developing noninvasive, targeted therapies such as sonodynamic therapy (SDT). To overcome th...

Adapting CRISPR-associated transposons for rapid and high-throughput reverse genetics

CRISPR-associated transposons (CAST) use guide RNAs to direct their transposition and are being harnessed as tools for programmable genome engineering...

Traces of parenthood but not pregnancy loss in UK Biobank structural brain MRI data

Pregnancy induces neuroanatomical changes in the human brain. Earlier studies detected traces of motherhood decades after childbirth. It is unclear wh...

A subject-specific reversible folding model reveals geometry-driven white-matter organization

Tractography currently relies almost exclusively on diffusion data and seed maps, which alone remain insufficient for anatomically accurate fiber reco...

Inter- and intra-individual differences in brain sex map to neuroendocrine profiles

Sex hormone fluctuations modulate structural and functional brain dynamics, yet little is known how sex steroid levels map onto the expression of sex ...

Biologically Inspired Digital Histology for Deep Phenotyping of Placental Composition Changes Across Major Lesion Types

Placenta pathology provides diagnostic insights for understanding pregnancy complications and guides maternal and perinatal care. While placental abno...

Closing the Sim-to-Real Gap: An End-to-End Robotic Ultrasound System Leveraging In Vivo Reinforcement Learning and 3D-Prior Guided Hybrid Control

Abdominal ultrasound is a crucial first-line diagnostic tool, yet its efficacy is inherently constrained by a strong dependency on operator skill, lea...

Integrative multiomic analysis on single-nucleotide variants identifies candidate genes for human craniofacial malformation

Craniofacial malformation (CFM) is a congenital defect encompassing a wide range of phenotypic presentations and is largely driven by genetics. Despit...

Polli-markers: spectral and chemical biomarkers for detecting cryptic early plant pollination responses

Pollination is essential for plant reproduction, ecosystem resilience and human health. Yet, our capability to map pollination service delivery in rea...

Image-Based Profiling of Induced Trophoblast Stem Cells Identifies Signatures Associated with Sex, Schizophrenia Genomic Risk and Placental Stress

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder where both genetic and environmental risks converge during pregnancy. Recent studies have highlig...

Modeling and Design of Multi-layered Cylindrical Microcapsules for Intravitreal Controlled Release

Chronic diseases often require repeated oral or local administration, which can compromise patient compliance. In wet age-related macular degeneration...

Neuroprognostication via Spatially-Informed Machine Learning Following Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury

Can machine learning be used to reliably and accurately predict 18-month developmental outcomes from neonatal brain MRI following perinatal hypoxic-is...

Significant Reduction in Manual Annotation Costs in Ultrasound Medical Image Database Construction Through Step by Step Artificial Intelligence Pre-annotation

This study investigates the feasibility of reducing manual image annotation costs in medical image database construction by utilizing a step by step a...

Retinal vascularization rate predicts retinopathy of prematurity and remains unaffected by low-dose bevacizumab treatment

To assess the rate of retinal vascularisation derived from ultra-widefield (UWF) imaging-based retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening as predictor...

EpiPathAI: Using Large Language Models to Explore Mechanisms of Life Course Exposure-Outcome Associations

Large language models (LLMs) enhanced with Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GRAG) are promising for life-course epidemiology, which typically dep...

Automated IntraVascular UltraSound Image Processing and Quantification of Coronary Artery Anomalies: The AIVUS-CAA software

Coronary artery anomalies (CAA) with an intramural course are associated with elevated risks of ischemia and sudden cardiac death under stress. Intrav...

Neuromodulation with Ultrasound: Hypotheses on the Directionality of Effects and Community Resource

Low-intensity Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation is a promising non-invasive technique for brain stimulation and focal neuromodulation. Research with...

Enhancing Diagnostic Precision in Thyroid Nodule Classification: A Deep Learning Approach to Automated Ultrasound Image Analysis

Escalating thyroid nodule prevalence necessitates precise ultrasonographic diagnosis, which is constrained by operator-dependent variability. Convolut...

Towards automated fetal brain biometry reporting for 3-dimensional T2-weighted 0.55-3T magnetic resonance imaging at 20-40 weeks gestational age range

The detailed assessment of fetal brain maturation and development involves morphological evaluation, gyration analysis, and reliable biometric measure...