Prevention

Personalized Type 1 Diabetes Management: Reinforcement Learning-Based Insulin Dosing and Glucose Forecasting.

BACKGROUND: Optimizing insulin dosing and predicting future glucose levels for people with type 1 diabetes is challenging due to the dynamic nature of glucose metabolism. Traditional static insulin regimens fail to adapt to individual variability in diet, physical activity, stress, and metabolic fluctuations, leading to suboptimal glycemic control. Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a promising al...

A data-informed multidimensional composite score for stress assessment.

Occupations such as the military, emergency responders, and athletes demand acute physical, cognitive and psychosocial effort. Individuals in these roles face task-specific stressors, including extreme heat, sustained mental focus and performance under social pressure, resulting in variable stress responses. Comparing individual stress responses is challenging due to the complex physiological, cog...

Research note: A machine learning approach for authentication of laying hen housing systems based on egg quality parameters.

Eggs originating from outdoor housing systems, such as organic and free-range production, are often sold at a higher price than conventional eggs. Thi...

AI-based prediction of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease using nasal epithelial mRNA expression profiles.

BACKGROUND: Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a distinct asthma endotype marked by asthma, nasal polyposis, and respiratory reactions ...

Artificial intelligence readiness in Pakistan's medical and dental education: training-phase decline, a knowledge-practice paradox, and the role of digital determinants of health.

BACKGROUND: We assessed AI knowledge, attitudes, and use among medical and dental students in Pakistan, a lower-middle-income country (LMIC), and iden...

High-quality dietary patterns reduce risk of advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional NHANES study in US adults.

Evidence-based dietary strategies for mitigating Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome progression remain limited; therefore, we hypothesized...

Mental health in early pregnancy: Interplay of objectively measured lifestyles, gut microbiota, and metabolomics.

Prenatal anxiety symptoms (AS) and depression symptoms (DS) in early pregnancy substantially impact maternal-infant health, but their pathophysiologic...

Using Machine Learning to Analyze the Predictors of Life Satisfaction: Focus on Lifestyle Attitudes and Psychological Factors.

OBJECTIVES: Life satisfaction is an essential indicator of quality of life, and enhancing it can contribute to individual well-being strategies. Becau...

Can Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Plan Therapeutic Ketogenic Diets for Children With Epilepsy?

RATIONALE: Ketogenic Diet Therapy (KDT) is an effective but complex treatment for paediatric drug-resistant epilepsy. Access to trained dietitians lim...

MALICoT: A pilot cross-sectional study analyzing the effects of power training and age on endomysium content and fiber area in the soleus muscle of adult males.

The cross-sectional Master Athletic Laboratory Study of Intramuscular Connective Tissue (MALICoT, DRKS00015764) examined effects of athletic exercise ...

Digital and technology-enabled approaches in dietary assessment: addressing bias, error, and feasibility in population- and community-based research.

Dietary intake data are essential for understanding diet-disease relationships, informing policy, and evaluating nutrition interventions. This is part...

Integration of network pharmacology, deep learning, and molecular biology reveals the efficacy of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. blossom extract in ameliorating diabetic osteoporosis.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) is a type of metabolic bone disease. Blossom of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. (CAVA...

Enhydrin from yacon attenuates atherosclerosis by modulating the FABP5/PPARγ/ABCA1 axis: An integrated multi-omics and in vivo validation.

Dysregulated lipid metabolism drives atherosclerosis (AS). Yacon, an Andean lipid-modulating tuber, exerts anti-AS potential, but mechanisms remain un...

Diet, Diarrhoea and Maternal Factors Associated With Wasting in Ghanaian Children Aged 6-23 Months: A Machine Learning Predictive Approach Using the 2022 Demographic and Health Survey.

OBJECTIVES: This study estimates the prevalence of wasting and examines associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Ghana from a machine-lea...

Creation of an mHealth Infrastructure to Support the Development and Delivery of mHealth Interventions: Protocol for Demonstration Projects Addressing Smoking Cessation in Cancer Care.

BACKGROUND: Cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity worldwide. To reduce this burden, scalable, effective approaches are needed to address modifia...

The impact of GenAI-assisted instructional design on the teaching ability of pre-service physical education teachers.

In view of a pain point in the field of textual logic generation and physiological load quantification in physical education (PE) instructional design...

A hybrid AI vision model for single-camera tracking of rehabilitation exercises: a proof of concept in clinical settings.

Accurate measurement of range of motion (ROM) during physical rehabilitation is traditionally achieved using goniometers or multi-camera, marker-based...

Exercise-related genes predicts overall survival and tumor immune microenvironment, and identifies the biological role of SLC52A2 in breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BRCA) is the most common malignant tumor in women, with prognoses differing markedly by molecular subtype. Exercise is know...

Early-life proteomic and microbiome features signal obesity risk across 26 years of follow-up.

UNLABELLED: Childhood obesity is rising globally. Yet, few studies have examined the microbiome and proteome in early childhood in relation to this ou...

AI-assisted case-based learning and flipped classroom to improve clinical decision-making: a randomized controlled trial in reproductive medicine.

BACKGROUND: Efficient training of reproductive medicine clinicians is critical in the context of declining global fertility and increasing infertility...