Preventive Care

Teleophthalmology for Retinal Disease Screening and Referral in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Case Overview of India.

Innovations like teleophthalmology have made great strides in improving access to care for patients with retinal disease by enabling prompt screening and referral, especially in underprivileged areas. This review highlights the growing role of teleophthalmology in addressing the burden of few retinal diseases like diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), and retinopathy ...

Verification of the impact of differences between objective and subjective evaluation methods on the interpretation of artificial intelligence systems generating mammogram reports using vision-language model.

PURPOSE: Research on vision-language models (VLMs) in the medical field has recently increased. However, while multifaceted evaluation is necessary to avoid the high risks associated with misdiagnosis, artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted mammogram report generation remains insufficient, with no studies on objective and subjective generation. We aimed to develop an AI system that generates mammog...

Cost-Effectiveness and Budget Impact of Lung Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review.

INTRODUCTION: Clinical trials have demonstrated the benefits of early detection of lung cancer (LC); however, the implementation of national LC screen...

AI-based color vision screening and educational counseling for high school students: An experimental study.

Color vision deficiency (CVD) can negatively affect students' learning experiences and career choices; however, combined screening and educational cou...

Deep learning approaches show promise for predicting childhood malnutrition: A comparative study with traditional machine learning methods using survey data.

Childhood malnutrition remains a major public health concern in Nepal and other low-resource settings, while conventional case-finding approaches are ...

Optical hand kinematics for machine learning-based screening of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is usually assessed by clinical examination and electrodiagnostic testing, but these methods may not always be practical ...

Machine learning-based analysis of risk factors and construction of a predictive model for hyperuricemia in Chinese health examination population.

Hyperuricemia (HUA) imposes a growing public health burden, calling for better risk stratification tools. In this cross-sectional study of 4906 Chines...

Rapid and energy-efficient ultra-large library screening for drug discovery on a SpiNNaker2 neuromorphic chip.

The virtual screening of make-on-demand small molecule libraries can prioritize drug candidates for rapid experimental validation to accelerate pre-cl...

Identification and validation of an explainable screening model of college students' mental health with therapeutic strategy implications.

Mental health issues, especially depressive symptoms, among young adults represent a public health challenge. Conventional psychological assessment to...

Evaluating the reliability and information quality of ChatGPT responses on vaccine hesitancy: an expert panel study.

BACKGROUND: Vaccine hesitancy is a major public health problem that threatens global immunisation programmes. The use of artificial intelligence-based...

Zero-Shot Large Language Models for Preliminary Prediction of PTSD Symptoms From Clinical Interview Transcripts: Grands modèles de langage sans exemple pour la prédiction préliminaire des symptômes de TSPT à partir de transcriptions d'entrevues cliniques.

BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common yet frequently underdiagnosed, in part due to barriers to systematic screening and the relian...

Explainable Machine Learning for Public Health Informatics in HEDIS Childhood Immunization Status Combo 10.

BACKGROUND: HEDIS Childhood Immunization Status (CIS) Combination 10 is a pediatric quality measure within a widely used health care performance frame...

Real-World Assessment of Machine-Learned Docking Using Bioassay-Derived Benchmarks.

The rapid expansion of compound libraries has significantly advanced drug discovery, especially through ultralarge library screenings that provide acc...

ML-guided screening of chalcogenide perovskites as solar energy materials.

Chalcogenide perovskites have emerged as promising absorber materials for next-generation photovoltaic devices, yet their experimental realization rem...

Associations between self-reported symptoms and circulating protein biomarkers: A scoping review protocol.

BACKGROUND: Studies linking self-reported symptoms to circulating protein biomarkers are increasing, partly driven by the rising number of protein bio...

Development of a Screening Model for Exercise-Induced Desaturation by Machine Learning Method.

BACKGROUND: Exercise-induced desaturation (EID) during the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is an established marker of adverse outcomes in patients with chr...

A comprehensive evaluation of seven osteoporosis screening tools.

UNLABELLED: This review evaluates the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of seven osteoporosis screening tools in populations such as pos...

A feature-efficient dual-task machine learning framework for predicting bone mineral density and osteoporosis stratification in resource-constrained environments.

Osteoporosis is a chronic skeletal disorder characterized by progressive bone mineral density (BMD) loss and structural deterioration, significantly i...

BiGranMolNet: A deep learning method for predicting blood-brain barrier permeability based on Bi-Granularity Molecular Graphs.

OBJECTIVE: The selective permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) hinders the delivery of central nervous system (CNS) drugs to brain targets. It...

Enhancing virtual screening of cystathionine β-synthase inhibitors: benchmarking target-specific machine-learning scoring functions against state-of-the-art AI docking and co-folding approaches.

Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) has emerged as an important therapeutic target implicated in cancer and Down syndrome, yet the discovery of selective C...