Preventive Care

Predicting primary aldosteronism: risk stratification-based and machine learning-based models.

AIMS: Primary aldosteronism (PA) screening is difficult in an unselected population of hypertensive patients, as it can be challenging. We report new algorithms based either on risk stratification or machine learning models to improve the screening of PA. METHODS AND RESULTS: 15,507 patients with confirmed hypertension aged 18-65 years with full workup for PA screening were included in this study....

Biomarker-anchored screening of dietary microplastics via a gut microbiota-informed machine learning model.

Microplastics (MPs) are increasingly recognized as emerging contaminants in the human diet, yet the absence of unified biomarker-anchored screening thresholds hampers quantitative risk assessment. This study establishes a gut microbiota-anchored machine learning framework that links Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio thresholds with real-world dietary MP exposure data, enabling a biomarker-ancho...

Atomic clarity: how structural biology is shaping blood-stage malaria vaccines.

Developing an effective malaria vaccine is challenging because Plasmodium parasites use complex strategies to invade host cells. The blood stage, wher...

Dementia screening with the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test: A machine learning analysis.

BackgroundWith the advent of anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibody therapies and the growing societal burden of dementia, early identification of Alzheim...

Coronary artery calcium score - emerging role for opportunistic screening and novel applications.

Coronary artery calcium (CAC) can be identified on thoracic CT performed for a variety of clinical indications, including routine thoracic CT, lung ca...

Tech That Scales: A Practical Framework for Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Cancer Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries and Underserved US Counties.

Cancer outcomes remain starkly unequal: 5-year survival rates for common malignancies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) often lag 20-40 perc...

External Validation of the PIPRA Model for Postoperative Delirium Prediction in a Japanese ICU Cohort: Integrating AI-Based Risk Assessment into Perioperative Care.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a prevalent and serious complication in older surgical patients, linked to prolonged hospitalization, high...

Artificial Intelligence in Colonoscopy Surveillance for Lynch Syndrome: Emerging Evidence, Lessons Learned From Average-Risk Populations, and Future Directions.

Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most common hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) syndrome and is characterized by an accelerated adenoma-carcinoma sequence, ...

A structure-based virtual screening approach to identify novel anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors.

CONTEXT: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a crucial role in cellular signaling and is implicated in several c...

Calculation and evaluation of the effective withdrawal time of colonoscopy on the basis of internimage.

Modelling the epidemic dynamics of HPV among women in China and optimization of ongoing cervical cancer elimination strategies.

BACKGROUND: The infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) and related cervical cancer have greatly threatened women's health. However, the ...

Detection of young-onset type 2 diabetes using deep learning across primary and secondary care: a nationwide, retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Once considered a disease observed in older adults, type 2 diabetes is now increasingly seen in youth and adolescence. Young-onset (<40 ye...

Flexible IMU Sensor Array For 3D Colonoscope Shape Reconstruction and AI-Based Loop Detection.

Looping during colonoscopy procedures is a major cause of patient discomfort and increases the risk of complications. With the rising incidence of col...

A deep dive into ferritin nanoparticle advancements: experimental and computational perspectives.

Ferritin, a natural iron-storage protein, has emerged as a versatile platform in nanotechnology and biomedicine due to its biocompatible 12 nm nanocag...

Colorectal cancer detection using noncontrast CT and deep learning: a multicenter and international cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths, with early screening vital to reduce mortality. While methods such as colonos...

Divergent macrophage-regulated T cell states determine response to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine in high-risk bladder cancer.

BACKGROUNDPrimary therapy for high-risk bladder cancer (BCa) is repeated instillations of the tuberculosis vaccine Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Alt...

To include or not to include? A prescription from the pharmacy on how to use active learning-assisted screening in systematic reviews.

BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews are essential for evidence-based decision-making, but the screening stage is often labor-intensive and susceptible to h...

Artificial intelligence-based screening of phytochemicals for targeted cancer therapy.

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide and continues to pose a serious public health challenge. The limited success of many curre...

[Prevention in Gastroenterology].

Gastroenterology offers a broad, evidence-based range of preventive measures that goes beyond colorectal cancer screening. As a specialty of systemic ...

From pixels to pathology: how artificial intelligence mammographic risk scores capture tumor biology through imaging.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize clinical-pathologic tumor features associated with artificial intelligence (AI)-generated risk scores from prior-year scre...