Preventive Care

An artificial intelligence-powered digital pathology platform to support large-scale deworming programs against soil-transmitted helminthiasis and intestinal schistosomiasis in resource-limited settings.

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) has emphasised the need for innovative diagnostic tools to support the control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Microscopy-based diagnostics, the current standard, rely on trained technicians for labour-intensive processes, posing logistical challenges in the low-resource settings where NTDs are most prevalent. This study descri...

Telehealth Approaches for Pediatric Otitis Media and Clinical Outcomes: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Otitis media (OM) is a common pediatric infection worldwide. Conventionally, accurate diagnosis depends on in-person pneumatic otoscopy, which is not always accessible, contributing to delayed care and inappropriate prescribing, especially in underserved settings. Rapid advances in telemedicine and digital tools have accelerated the development of remote approaches for assessing pediat...

Prospective evaluation of artificial intelligence-assisted monitoring of the effective withdrawal time on adenoma detection.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Standard withdrawal time (SWT) is a recognized colonoscopy quality metric but may not capture mucosal examination quality. We develop...

Protective Effects of Riociguat Against Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: An Experimental and Machine Learning-Based Study in Rats.

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an important cause of acute kidney injury following exposure to iodinated contrast media, and effective preventi...

Artificial intelligence-assisted polyp detection in colonoscopy - Methodological considerations for annotation standardization.

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Electrocardiogram Screening for Asymptomatic Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in the General Population.

BACKGROUND: Asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) is a well-established precursor of overt heart failure (HF), yet it often remain...

Application value of gastric contrast ultrasonography in gastric tumors.

In recent years, gastric oral contrast ultrasonography (OCUS) and double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (DCEUS) have emerged as promising imaging t...

CT acquisition protocols in lung cancer screening: implications for guideline development from a worldwide survey.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the currently applied CT image acquisition protocols in lung cancer screening (LCS) and thereby fill a knowledge gap to support ...

Mining antibody functionality via AI-guided structural landscape profiling.

Despite substantial progress in single-cell screening techniques, antibody (Ab) repertoires still remain enigmatic. Here we show that Ab sequences can...

Routine blood tests and machine learning identify complications in high myopia.

High myopia can lead to cataract, glaucoma, retinal detachment, choroidal neovascularisation, and macular degeneration, causing irreversible vision lo...

Machine learning and the role of the vaginal and fecal microbiome in miscarriage: a matched case-control study.

Miscarriage occurs in approximately 15% of all pregnancies, and recent studies have suggested a potential role of the microbiome. A nested case-contro...

Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors and their association with socio-demographic and lifestyle factors in middle-aged and older adults in rural northeast South Africa: Findings from HAALSI.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined patterns of clustering of intermediate risk factors for Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in a rural South African popula...

Evaluating the performance of a custom GPT in full text screening of a systematic review.

AIM: Systematic reviewing is a time-consuming process that can be aided by artificial intelligence (AI). There are several AI options to assist with t...

Colonoscopy surveillance in Lynch syndrome: what it prevents and what it does not.

Lynch syndrome (LS), synonymous with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), is caused by germline pathogenic variants in MLH1, MSH2, MSH6...

Breast density reporting in Aotearoa New Zealand: policy imperatives and research priorities.

Breast density influences both breast cancer risk and the sensitivity of mammographic screening. Several countries routinely notify women of their bre...

A complete blood count-based machine learning model for rapid differentiation of aplastic anemia, immune thrombocytopenia, and myelodysplastic syndromes in routine clinical practice.

BACKGROUND: Accurate differentiation of common hematologic disorders remains challenging in routine clinical practice and often requires invasive diag...

Immune-activated & pathology-characterized: the distinct clear cell renal cell carcinoma subtypes for 3PM strategies derived from artificial intelligence in multi-omics.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is highly heterogeneous, with significant differences in clinical outcomes such as progno...

Advancements in Screening Strategies for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer (EOCRC).

Screening for early-onset colorectal cancer is a growing public health concern, driven by a rising incidence in younger adults. As trends shift, scree...

Large language models show promising performance for some systematic review tasks but call for cautious implementation : a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: With the exponential growth of biomedical literature, the challenge of conducting systematic reviews is becoming increasingly burdensome. ...

Machine-Learning-Assisted Screening of Electrolyte Additives for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries via a Molecular Descriptor Framework.

Additive engineering in aqueous zinc-ion batteries is recognized as a key strategy for improving zinc anode stability. Nevertheless, the conventional ...