Primary Care

The machine learning prediction model of non-alcoholic fatty liver; the role of hydrogen and methane breath tests.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the leading cause of global chronic liver disease, affecting approximately 32.4% of the population in various regions and imposing healthcare and economic burdens. The gold standard for the diagnosis of NAFLD, such as liver biopsy, has numerous limitations in large-scale screening. Recent studies have explored the use of machine learning to diagnose ...

DWI-based deep learning radiomics nomogram for predicting the impaired quality of life in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysm developing new iatrogenic cerebral infarcts following stent placement: a multicenter cohort study.

This study developed a DWI-based radiomics nomogram to predict impaired health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms after stent placement, focusing on those who developed new iatrogenic cerebral infarct (NICI). Data from 522 patients across multiple hospitals were divided into a training cohort and two external validation cohorts. Radiomic and deep lea...

Prediction of Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Population Using LightGBM and Cohort Validation of Its Clinical Value: Cross-Sectional and Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR), a precursor to type 2 diabetes and a major risk factor for various chronic diseases, is becoming increasingly pre...

Safe Screening Rules for Group SLOPE

Variable selection is a challenging problem in high-dimensional sparse learning, especially when group structures exist. Group SLOPE performs well f...

BERT and BERTopic for screening clinical depression on open-ended text messages collected through a mobile application from older adults.

BACKGROUND: Despite the high suicide rate in South Korea, older adults are reluctant to see a psychiatrist. Recently, text mining has gained popularit...

Active Learning-Guided Hit Optimization for the Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 WDR Domain Based on In Silico Ligand-Binding Affinities.

The leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is the most mutated gene in familial Parkinson's disease, and its mutations lead to pathogenic hallmarks of t...

Enhanced Trust Region Sequential Convex Optimization for Multi-Drone Thermal Screening Trajectory Planning in Urban Environments

The rapid detection of abnormal body temperatures in urban populations is essential for managing public health risks, especially during outbreaks of...

PulseRide: A Robotic Wheelchair for Personalized Exertion Control with Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning

Maintaining an active lifestyle is vital for quality of life, yet challenging for wheelchair users. For instance, powered wheelchairs face increasin...

Implementing an artificial intelligence system into a diabetic eye screening programme in Tanzania.

Tanzania has the highest age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa. Diabetic retinopathy, a common complication, is a significant caus...

Classifying Dental Care Providers Through Machine Learning with Features Ranking

This study investigates the application of machine learning (ML) models for classifying dental providers into two categories - standard rendering pr...

Comprehensive Characterization of Antidepressant Pharmacogenetics: A Systematic Review of Studies in Major Depressive Disorder.

Pharmacogenetics is a promising strategy to facilitate individualized care for patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Research is ongoing to i...

Development of Machine-Learning-Based Models for Detection of Cognitive Impairment in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is common but frequently undiagnosed in the dialysis population. We aimed to develop and validate a quick and accurat...

Advancements in Organoid-Based Drug Discovery: Revolutionizing Precision Medicine and Pharmacology.

Organoids, 3D cellular models derived from stem cells, have revolutionized drug testing by providing human-relevant systems for modeling diseases and ...

Editorial: New Target for Skin Cancer.

Skin cancer encompasses a diverse spectrum of malignancies with increasing global incidence and persistent clinical challenges. Despite advances in th...

Large Language Model-informed ECG Dual Attention Network for Heart Failure Risk Prediction.

Heart failure (HF) poses a significant public health challenge, with a rising global mortality rate. Early detection and prevention of HF could signif...

Vision transformer-based stratification of pre/diabetic and pre/hypertensive patients from retinal photographs for 3PM applications.

OBJECTIVE: Diabetes and hypertension pose significant health risks, especially when poorly managed. Retinal evaluation though fundus photography can p...

[Geriatric Assessment in the Hospital - An Overview of Clinical Guidelines].

According to forecasts, 27 % of the German population will be aged 65 or over by 2050. Age-associated multimorbidity, functional impairment and need f...

Detection of Undiagnosed Liver Cirrhosis via Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Electrocardiogram (DULCE): Rationale and design of a pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Cirrhosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet preventable at early stages. Currently, effective approaches for ea...

An approach to screen susceptible rats and efficacy of an antidepressive treatment after chronic stress.

Chronic stress during life has been considered a risk factor for the development of psychiatric illness in humans. Chronic unpredictable stress batter...

Explainable machine learning model incorporating social determinants of health to predict chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Social determinants of health (SDOH) play a critical role in the onset and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Des...