Primary Care

Association of epigenetic trajectory with development of clinical rheumatoid arthritis in anti-citrullinated protein antibody positive individuals: Targeting Immune Responses for Prevention of Rheumatoid Arthritis (TIP-RA).

OBJECTIVE: The presence of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) in the absence of clinical inflammatory arthritis (IA) identifies individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We examined whether epigenetic remodeling of DNA methylation distinguishes those who ultimately develop RA ("Converters") from individuals who remain asymptomatic ("Non-converters"). METHODS: Genome-wide DNA me...

Urinary Proteomics: Biological Foundations, Analytical Frameworks, and Clinical Translation Across Human Diseases.

Urinary proteomics has swiftly emerged as a formidable tool for the identification of non-invasive biomarkers and the surveillance of diseases. The progression in high-resolution mass spectrometry and data-independent acquisition techniques has facilitated the urinary proteome in providing detailed insights into intricate pathophysiological processes impacting multiple organ systems. This review s...

Detection of young-onset type 2 diabetes using deep learning across primary and secondary care: a nationwide, retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Once considered a disease observed in older adults, type 2 diabetes is now increasingly seen in youth and adolescence. Young-onset (<40 ye...

Macrocyclic peptides as protein-protein interaction modulators: a review.

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) govern essential cellular processes, such as signal transduction, enzymatic catalysis, and the formation of macrom...

Urinary extracellular vesicle miRNA signature reflects pancreatic islet stress in type 2 diabetes.

INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a progressive metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive β-cell dysfunction. Early ...

FOSL2 regulates endothelial cell state and chromatin accessibility in systemic sclerosis pulmonary vascular remodeling.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by fibrosis and vasculopathy affecting the skin and internal organs, leading to multiorgan dysfunction. Inju...

A new era of precision diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer: artificial intelligence-driven multimodal data integration and clinical applications.

Certain characteristics, such as high heterogeneity, a complex tumor microenvironment, metastatic potential, and drug resistance, render Lung cancer (...

Precision biomarker discovery in hypertension through explainable AI and proteomics.

Hypertension is a major global health burden and a leading driver of cardiovascular disease, yet reliable blood-based biomarkers for early disease are...

A Multicenter Prospective Study to Develop a Prediction Model for Postherpetic Neuralgia Using Clinical and Laboratory Indicators.

INTRODUCTION: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common and difficult-to-treat complication of herpes zoster (HZ). This complication not only ca...

Comparative study on the predictive value of PNI and GNRI for all-cause mortality rates of elderly patients in cardiac care unit and cardiovascular intensive care unit.

BACKGROUND: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) are reliable alternative biomarkers of nutrition. Howev...

Prediction of cognitive test scores: a comparison of brain structure, health, demographic, and cognitive data across adulthood.

Cognitive performance prediction may help identify early cognitive decline. However, the heterogeneity of research findings impedes the identification...

Gut microbiome and metabolic health: mechanisms and precision interventions.

The gut microbiome is increasingly recognized as a fundamental regulator of metabolic health, shaping energy balance, insulin sensitivity, inflammator...

Decoding the renal-cochlear axis: explainable machine learning and phenotype clustering reveal high-risk hearing loss subtypes in CKD.

This study develops a dual-level machine learning framework for risk stratification and phenotyping of hearing loss (HL) in patients with chronic kidn...

The Effect of Age, Sex, and Body Mass Index on Spinopelvic Balance Throughout Childhood and Adolescence: An Automated 3D-Computed Tomography Study of 9,721 Pediatric Patients.

BACKGROUND: Spinopelvic assessment is critical for surgical planning. It is unknown if age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) influence pelvic orientatio...

Development and validation of the IVENUS artificial intelligence model for automated CEAP classification of early-stage chronic venous disease using lower limb photographs.

OBJECTIVES: Chronic venous disease (CVD) is one of the most common vascular disorders, affecting millions of people worldwide. Owing to the variabilit...

AIGC-driven virtual patients for diabetes: a systematic review.

This systematic review (SR) examines the application of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC) in developing virtual patients (VPs) for diab...

To include or not to include? A prescription from the pharmacy on how to use active learning-assisted screening in systematic reviews.

BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews are essential for evidence-based decision-making, but the screening stage is often labor-intensive and susceptible to h...

Early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus with clinical characteristics, cell-free DNA and genetic variants.

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains a prevalent and heterogeneous pregnancy complication with limited strategies for early identif...

Can machine learning support infection control measures by predicting carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales colonization at admission?

BACKGROUND: Early identification of patients with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) colonization is crucial for infection control; howeve...

Technology in Diabetes: A Year in Review.

The past year has continued the rapid evolution of diabetes technology across the monitoring, delivery, analytics, and patient-support domains. Improv...