Primary Care

PAH-former: Transfer learning for efficient discovery of pulmonary arterial hypertension-associated genes.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe disease with limited effective therapies, making the discovery of new therapeutic targets crucial. While single-cell RNA sequencing (sc-RNA seq) offers a powerful tool for this purpose, its application is hampered by the scarcity of patient samples. This study addresses the problem of how to efficiently identify novel, function...

AI-enhanced non-invasive diagnosis of chronic kidney disease using LIBS of fingernail biomarkers.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a systemic condition that leads to progressive renal failure and metabolic imbalances that may be detected in the keratinized bio-tissues of the body such as fingernails. Nevertheless, still its early detection is difficult due to the invasive nature of current clinical screening approaches. This research paper provides a precise, non-invasive, and AI-enhanced diagn...

Artificial intelligence-derived electrocardiographic age gap as a predictor of mortality after coronary revascularization: prognostic value and short-term intra-patient variability.

AIMS: The artificial intelligence (AI)-derived electrocardiographic (ECG) age gap-the difference between AI-predicted ECG age and chronological age-is...

Phenotypic clustering of myocardial infarction complicated by out-of-hospital cardiac arrest using unsupervised machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Patients with myocardial infarction (MI) complicated by out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) represent a heterogeneous population with va...

Association of diabetes severity with cognitive function in US adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the AI-READI multicentre cohort.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) presence and severity are associated with differences in global and domain-specific co...

Identifying patients at risk for short-term adverse events after hip arthroscopy: a machine learning analysis of a national database.

PURPOSE: To develop and compare machine learning-based risk prediction models to identify patients at risk for short-term adverse outcomes (overnight ...

A copula based supervised filter for feature selection in machine learning driven diabetes risk prediction.

Effective feature selection is critical for building robust and interpretable predictive models, particularly in medical applications where identifyin...

Highlights from the Italian National Congress of Imaging in Pulmonology 2025: fostering implementation of advanced technologies for precision patient-centered care.

The Italian National Congress of Imaging in Pulmonology, held in Milan on November 21st, provided a unique educational platform exploring the evolving...

Heterogeneous associations of a mobile health-based disease management program on uncontrolled hypertension: A target trial emulation study.

Long-term effectiveness of digital health interventions for hypertension remains unclear, particularly regarding individual variability in treatment r...

MLGT: A multimodal graph attention network for virtual screening of anti-Uveitis drugs.

Uveitis is a severe ocular inflammatory disease with complex immune-mediated pathogenesis, posing significant challenges for drug discovery. While art...

Cost-effectiveness analysis of artificial intelligence-assisted risk stratification of indeterminate pulmonary nodules.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence-based radiomic approaches have been shown to accurately evaluate indeterminate pulmonary nodules. With the expansi...

Harnessing the gut-heart axis for cardiovascular drug innovation: microbiome, metabolites, and personalized treatment strategies.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide despite major advances in pharmacotherapy. Emerging evidence reveals a p...

Artificial Intelligence in Mammography Screening: A Narrative Review of Progress, Pitfalls, and Potential.

Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning (DL), is transforming the field of medical imaging and holds substantial promise for advancin...

Machine learning to risk stratify individuals for undiagnosed atrial fibrillation at scale using population-wide electronic health records.

AIMS: Electronic health records (EHR) can be used to target atrial fibrillation (AF) screening. We evaluated the performance of risk prediction models...

Maternal Gut Microbiome as a Predictor of Insulin Therapy Requirement in Gestational Diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) often requires pharmacological intervention beyond lifestyle modification to achieve optimal glycemic ...

Technology-enabled insights into SLC transporters in MAFLD: redefining the multi-hit pathogenesis and therapeutic landscape.

Recent advances in structural biology, functional genomics, and artificial intelligence (AI) have expanded understanding of the solute carrier (SLC) t...

Thoracic muscle loss increases the use of mechanical ventilation in elderly patients with pulmonary embolism: constructing and validating a machine learning model on a two-center cohort.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model to predict the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) in elderly patie...

Association between fundus sex index and hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking in the Kumejima study.

Fundus parameters can be used to quantify masculinity or femininity as a fundus sex index (FSI) ranging from 0 to 1. The purpose of this study was to ...

Validation of AI-enhanced ECG image analysis for identifying extreme cardiac magnetic resonance metrics in a cross-ethnic UK biobank study.

Artificial intelligence enhanced electrocardiography (AI-ECG) has shown promise in detecting cardiac abnormalities, but validation against cardiac mag...

AI-Driven Internet of Things (IoT) dataset for remote health monitoring and fall detection in elderly people.

Many older adults live with one or more chronic conditions that require ongoing monitoring. At the same time, the aging population continues to grow, ...