Psoriasis

AI Cautionary Guide: Pitfalls and Strategies for the Use of Machine Learning in Medical Research.

Machine learning (ML) is increasingly utilized in medical research. However, underrecognized methodological pitfalls can result in misleading conclusions, which if acted upon can result in patient mismanagement and harm. As a result, we have provided a compilation of common pitfalls and practical safeguard considerations for ML-enabled medical research. Examples emphasize the importance of integra...

Non-communicable inflammatory skin diseases comprise clinically meaningful distinct endotypes as identified by non-hypothesized integration of phenotypic and transcriptome data.

BACKGROUND: Non-communicable inflammatory skin diseases (ncISDs) comprise over 100 conditions with overlapping clinical features. Current classification systems are largely based on morphology and do not adequately reflect underlying molecular mechanisms, limiting the implementation of precision therapies. OBJECTIVE: To establish a data-driven, molecular framework for stratifying ncISDs independen...

A coarse-to-fine framework combining deep learning and Monte Carlo for BNCT patient position optimization toward inverse planning.

BACKGROUND: Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) utilizes high linear energy transfer (LET) charged particles from the 10B(n,α)7Li reaction to selecti...

Comparison of artificial intelligence and multidisciplinary team assessment for evaluating biologic decisions in severe uncontrolled asthma.

BACKGROUND: The management of severe asthma with biologics has become more complex involving multidisciplinary team meetings. Artificial intelligence ...

Generative AI and Clinicians Show Comparable Prognostic Reasoning From Clinical Narratives in Biologic-Treated CRSwNP.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the ability of large language models (LLMs) and otolaryngologists to identify prognostic signals from brief clinical vignettes i...

Current Advances in Spatial Pathology of Nasal Polyps: Challenges, Opportunities for Artificial Intelligence, and Future Directions.

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by inflammatory heterogeneity, epithelial hyperplasia, and tissue remodeling, with ...

Targeting Airway Remodeling in Severe Asthma: Is There a Window of Opportunity for Biologic Therapy Predicting Effects Using Causal Artificial Intelligence?

Airway remodeling is increasingly recognized as a major determinant of asthma progression, fixed airflow limitation, and long-term morbidity, particul...

Metasurface color routers inverse-designed with a deep-learning accelerated genetic algorithm for high efficiency imaging.

Full-wave electromagnetic simulations provide accurate field distributions for nanophotonic structures, but their high computational cost limits their...

Quantum-Trained AI Enables Inverse Design of Organic Frontier Orbitals at Billion-Scale.

Frontier orbital energies govern charge transfer, energy-level alignment, and optoelectronic performance in organic molecules, yet their prediction ac...

Physics-Guided Transformer Enables Efficient Inverse Design of Terahertz Metasurfaces for Glucose Sensing.

Inverse design of terahertz (THz) metasurfaces via algorithmic models has become a mainstream trend and finds wide application in THz biosensing devic...

Composite dietary antioxidant index with hepatic indices for predicting mortality in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: Integrated analysis of a nationwide cohort study using machine learning approaches.

Oxidative stress is a pathological driver of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome, exacerbating inflammation and tissue injury, while metabo...

Operator learning for models of tear film breakup.

Tear film (TF) breakup is a key driver of understanding dry eye disease, and estimating TF thickness and osmolarity from fluorescence (FL) imaging typ...

AI-derived Histopathological Signatures Are Associated With Response to Mepolizumab in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease with variable response to biologic therapy. Tissue...

Tomo-Net: A Physics-Inspired Dual Regression Network for Nonlinear Tomographic Imaging.

Linear models are extensively employed in tomographic imaging to model the imaging system, with tomographic reconstruction from measurement data typic...

Microbiome-Driven Precision Medicine in Asthma: Roles of Targeted Therapies and Artificial Intelligence.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the current evidence regarding airway and gut microbiome alterations in asthma pathogenesis and therapeutic response, and to ex...

GPCR Biology-Informed Drug Discovery in Asthma.

Advances in GPCR biology and drug-discovery technology are simultaneously reshaping what can be targeted in asthma and how those strategies must be va...

AI Simplification of Dermatopathology Reports for Patients: Basic Versus Prompt-Engineered Approaches.

BACKGROUND: Patients struggle to comprehend dermatopathology reports. As artificial intelligence (AI) tools become more accessible, patients may use t...

Physics-Aware Machine-Learning-Driven Inverse Design of Broadband Ultra-Open Acoustic Metamaterials.

Ventilated acoustic silencers combining strong sound attenuation with high ventilation are pivotal for advanced noise control. However, balancing atte...

Rapid Resolution of Hypoxemia is Common and Associated with Lower Mortality Among Intubated Patients with Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence, clinical trajectory, and biologic phenotype of patients with rapidly improving acute hypoxemic respiratory failur...

From insect behavior to transferable robot locomotion: inferring embodied locomotor principles from limited data via adversarial inverse reinforcement learning.

Insect locomotion exhibits remarkable adaptability and flexibility despite the limited scale of its nervous system. However, the underlying principles...