Psychiatry

The effect of AI-enabled virtual patient simulation on training outcomes and insecurities in psychotherapy education.

BACKGROUND: Preparing psychotherapy trainees for clinical complexity is a persistent educational challenge. Virtual patient (VP) simulations enabled by artificial intelligence (AI) may enhance training by offering practical, hands-on experience. This study examined their effectiveness in improving training outcomes and reducing insecurity in future psychotherapists. METHODS: Psychology students an...

Neurophysiological EEG Characterization of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using DWT-Based Frequency Analysis With Selective Electrodes and Brain Segmentation: An Explainable AI-Driven Approach.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis benefits from the technical analysis of neural oscillations. The objective identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is advanced through a dedicated engineering framework that analyzes neural oscillations via electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. This methodology synthesizes statistical signal processing, frequency-domain transformation, and computatio...

Real-world clinical validation of brainstem-based ocular biomarkers for ADHD classification in children and adults.

Current ADHD diagnostic practices rely on subjective rating scales and continuous performance tests with limited specificity. We propose an objective ...

Bouncing back from stress: objective markers of expressive flexibility and resilience in emergency healthcare workers using computer vision.

Healthcare workers (HCWs) in emergency departments face significant mental health risk due to chronic stressors and repeated trauma, yet symptom under...

From Symptom Control to Precision Supportive Oncology: Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Supportive Oncology for Gastrointestinal Cancers.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are among the most common malignancies worldwide and impose a substantial symptom burden from diagnos...

An explainable artificial intelligence framework for clinical decision support in stroke discharge planning.

BACKGROUND: Stroke, a leading cause of global mortality and disability, requires accurate prediction of discharge outcomes to support early care plann...

Differentiating Radiotherapy-Specific Distress From General Cancer Distress: Natural Language Processing Analysis of Patient Narratives.

BACKGROUND: Psychological distress is common among patients with cancer, and it negatively impacts treatment adherence and quality of life. Radiothera...

An AI-Assisted pictorial measure of children's dental anxiety during the initial child-dentist interaction.

BACKGROUND: The potential influence of the initial child-dentist interaction on dental anxiety (DA) in preschool children remains insufficiently under...

Transcranial photobiomodulation improves prefrontal oxygenation and impulse control in adults with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Impulsivity in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diminishes quality of life. Cortical hypometabolism has be...

Nonverbal AI-Based Communication Robot for Staff in Disaster-Affected Care Facilities: Exploratory ABAB Intervention Study.

BACKGROUND: Medical and welfare facilities in the Noto region of Japan were severely affected by the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake and subsequent tor...

Estimating blood-brain barrier exchange rate using diffusion-weighted arterial spin labeling and physics-guided neural networks.

This study proposes physics-guided neural network (PgNN) approaches for estimating perfusion and blood-brain barrier (BBB) water permeability paramete...

Predicting comorbid anxiety in adolescents with major depressive disorder: an EEG-based machine learning approach with SHAP interpretability.

Comorbid anxiety in adolescents with major depressive disorder (adMDD) is linked to higher suicide risk and poorer prognosis, necessitating precise sc...

Integrative multi-omics reveals MHC class II-mediated neuroinflammation and systemic metabolic dysregulation as transdiagnostic drivers in major brain disorders.

Psychiatric, neurodevelopmental, and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),...

A patient-derived benchmark for evaluating large language models in connective tissue diseases: blinded multi-stakeholder assessment and guideline comparison.

To co-develop disease-specific patient questions for connective tissue diseases (CTDs), compare patient/rheumatologist ratings of answers from languag...

Using natural language processing to support digital communication in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder.

BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by social communication challenges, including difficulties interpreting figurative languag...

Classification of neurodevelopmental disorders and typical development using deep learning and a portable patch-type electroencephalography device.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in children and ofte...

An AI-Assisted Tool to Predict Continuous Glucose Monitor Adherence in Children With Type 1 Diabetes in Oman: Protocol for a Multiphase Mixed Methods Translational Study.

BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children requires sustained self-management to achieve glycemic targets. Continuous glucose monitoring ...

AI Agents Are Coming: 5-Stage Taxonomy of Language-Based AI Systems for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Counseling.

The rapid evolution of large language models has accelerated the development of agentic artificial intelligence (AI) systems capable of pursuing auton...

Machine Unlearning Based on Globally Refined Convergent Clustering for Health Survey Data-driven Prediction Model.

Machine learning models built from national health surveys enable population-scale risk stratification, yet the GDPR's "right to be forgotten" mandate...

Autism-Related Information on Websites and General-Purpose Artificial Intelligence Chatbots: Comparative, Bilingual Study.

BACKGROUND: Parents increasingly consult the internet, both websites and, more recently, artificial intelligence chatbots, for information on autism s...