Psychiatry

Predictive classification of pediatric bipolar disorder using atlas-based diffusion weighted imaging and support vector machines.

Previous studies have reported abnormalities of white-matter diffusivity in pediatric bipolar disorder. However, it has not been established whether these abnormalities are able to distinguish individual subjects with pediatric bipolar disorder from healthy controls with a high specificity and sensitivity. Diffusion-weighted imaging scans were acquired from 16 youths diagnosed with DSM-IV bipolar ...

A Bayesian Model of the Uncanny Valley Effect for Explaining the Effects of Therapeutic Robots in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

One of the core features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is impaired reciprocal social interaction, especially in processing emotional information. Social robots are used to encourage children with ASD to take the initiative and to interact with the robotic tools to stimulate emotional responses. However, the existing evidence is limited by poor trial designs. The purpose of this study was to pr...

Antidepressant use in late gestation and risk of postpartum haemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between antidepressant use in late gestation and postpartum haemorrhage (PPH).

Rich spectrum of neural field dynamics in the presence of short-term synaptic depression.

In continuous attractor neural networks (CANNs), spatially continuous information such as orientation, head direction, and spatial location is represe...

Temporal stability of network centrality in control and default mode networks: Specific associations with externalizing psychopathology in children and adolescents.

Abnormal connectivity patterns have frequently been reported as involved in pathological mental states. However, most studies focus on "static," stati...

Automated measurement of mouse social behaviors using depth sensing, video tracking, and machine learning.

A lack of automated, quantitative, and accurate assessment of social behaviors in mammalian animal models has limited progress toward understanding me...

Robot-Mediated Imitation Skill Training for Children With Autism.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) impacts 1 in 68 children in the U.S., with tremendous individual and societal costs. Technology-aided intervention, mor...

The "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" Test: Complete Absence of Typical Sex Difference in ~400 Men and Women with Autism.

The "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" test (Eyes test) is an advanced test of theory of mind. Typical sex difference has been reported (i.e., female adva...

Analysis of NTSB Aircraft-Assisted Pilot Suicides: 1982-2014.

On March 24, 2015, a Germanwings aircraft crashed in the Alps. The suicidal copilot killed himself and 150 others. Pilot suicide is rare, but does hap...

Assessing hippocampal development and language in early childhood: Evidence from a new application of the Automatic Segmentation Adapter Tool.

Volumetric assessments of the hippocampus and other brain structures during childhood provide useful indices of brain development and correlates of co...

Effect of an interactive therapeutic robotic animal on engagement, mood states, agitation and psychotropic drug use in people with dementia: a cluster-randomised controlled trial protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Apathy, agitated behaviours, loneliness and depression are common consequences of dementia. This trial aims to evaluate the effect of a ...

A Controlled Trial Using Natural Language Processing to Examine the Language of Suicidal Adolescents in the Emergency Department.

What adolescents say when they think about or attempt suicide influences the medical care they receive. Mental health professionals use teenagers' wor...

Fuzzy Modeling to Predict Severely Depressed Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction following Admission to the Intensive Care Unit Using Clinical Physiology.

Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) constitutes an important physiological parameter for the assessment of cardiac function, particularly in the...

Changes in depression stigma after the Germanwings crash - Findings from German population surveys.

BACKGROUND: Media coverage of the Germanwings plane crash intensely focused on the co-pilot's mental illness and was criticized for potentially increa...

Perspectives on next steps in classification of oro-facial pain - part 1: role of ontology.

The purpose of this study was to review existing principles of oro-facial pain classifications and to specify design recommendations for a new system ...

Machine learning algorithm accurately detects fMRI signature of vulnerability to major depression.

Standard functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analyses cannot assess the potential of a neuroimaging signature as a biomarker to predict indiv...

Multivariate classification of autism spectrum disorder using frequency-specific resting-state functional connectivity--A multi-center study.

BACKGROUND: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies examining low frequency fluctuations (0.01-0.08 Hz) have revealed atypical who...

Effects on Symptoms of Agitation and Depression in Persons With Dementia Participating in Robot-Assisted Activity: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.

OBJECTIVES: To examine effects on symptoms of agitation and depression in nursing home residents with moderate to severe dementia participating in a r...

Diagnostic Prediction for Social Anxiety Disorder via Multivariate Pattern Analysis of the Regional Homogeneity.

Although decades of efforts have been spent studying the pathogenesis of social anxiety disorder (SAD), there are still no objective biological marker...

Using Gene Ontology to describe the role of the neurexin-neuroligin-SHANK complex in human, mouse and rat and its relevance to autism.

BACKGROUND: People with an autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) display a variety of characteristic behavioral traits, including impaired social interacti...