Psychiatry

Pollutant-Specific Pathways Linking Gaseous Air Pollution to Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: Direct and Sleep-Mediated Effects in a Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine associations between multiple gaseous air pollutants across different developmental periods and depressive in late adolescence. We also investigated the mediating role of sleep duration. METHODS: This population-based longitudinal cohort study consisted of 10,859 adolescence Taiwan followed up to 2 years. The exposures consisted of residential concentrations ...

Identifying treatment response classes to transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) from daily ecological momentary assessment (EMA) patterns in patients with depression.

IMPORTANCE: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is known to be promising for depression, but heterogeneity across studies highlights the need for strategies to optimize treatment effectiveness. Identifying distinct response patterns based on ecological momentary assessment (EMA) may enhance therapeutic outcomes and support the development of personalized and precision psychiatry. OBJECT...

Enhancing Community-Based Nursing Decision Support: Machine Learning Models for Diabetes Risk Prediction Using Home Health Nursing Notes.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify high-risk factors for type 2 diabetes and develop a machine learning (ML)-based diabetes prediction model usi...

Empathic AI for Patient-Centered Cancer Care: A Scoping Review of Patient Navigation, Support, and Clinical Practice.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly reshaping oncology, offering advancements in clinical care and patient support. A growing area of ...

Evaluating Public Sentiment on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder Compared With Other Mental Health Disorders From Posts on X (Formerly Known as Twitter): Longitudinal Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Neurodevelopmental disorders, especially attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), have seen a m...

Machine-enhanced reconstruction of functional connectomes unravels discriminative brain sub-systems in health and disease.

Reconstructing functional brain networks from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data typically relies on statistical pruning, where pairwis...

Subgroup identification of disparities in buprenorphine discontinuation in opioid-use disorder: A Virtual Twins machine learning approach using nationwide United States claims data, 2006-2022.

Buprenorphine retention is crucial for effective treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD), yet disparities in treatment discontinuation persist. This st...

Identification and independent validation of white matter subtypes in major depressive disorder and their role in predicting treatment response.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by diverse clinical profiles and variable treatment responses. Parsing...

The relationship between mental health disorders and LUTS.

This narrative review explores the complex relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and mental health disorders, focusing on the influ...

Beyond feature importance: Validating true clinical associations in AI-driven psychiatric research through consistency and dose-response relationships.

Current AI algorithms lack robust methods to validate genuine clinical associations, which require consistency and dose-response relationships while e...

Who thrives against the odds? Mapping adolescent trait heterogeneity of emotional maltreatment effects with causal forests DML.

BACKGROUND: Emotional maltreatment (EM) during childhood and adolescence exerts lasting effects on psychopathology, yet individuals exposed to similar...

Linking rare variants to cell-type function in profound autism with brain transcriptomics and foundation models.

Genetic association studies have identified numerous genes harboring protein-disrupting variants in individuals with profound autism, but identifying ...

EXPRESS: Static and dynamic perspective on brain activity and functional connectivity alternations in the comorbidity of chronic pain and depression: An fMRI study in rats.

BACKGROUND: Clinically, chronic pain and depression often coexist in multiple diseases and reciprocally reinforce each other, which greatly escalates ...

Digital and AI-enhanced psychosocial interventions in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Digital and AI-supported psychosocial interventions are increasingly implemented to address psychological distress among women with breast ca...

Predicting Momentary Suicidal Ideation From Smartphone Screenshots Using Vision-Language Models: Prospective Machine Learning Study.

BACKGROUND: Passive smartphone sensing shows promise for suicide prevention, but behavioral metadata (GPS, screen time, and accelerometry) often lacks...

Advancing neurotech justice in youth digital mental health: insights from an interdisciplinary and cross-generational workshop.

Researchers and clinicians are increasingly looking to leverage artificial intelligence (AI) and digital tools to improve psychiatric care. Of particu...

Impact of a personalized antidepressant prescription using genetics, socio-demographic and clinical data in major depressive disorder patients: A clinical study.

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common and disabling, and antidepressant selection often follows a trial-and-error process. Predictix i...

Multimodal fusion of speech and PHQ-9 for machine learning-based adolescent depression screening.

BACKGROUND: Traditional screening for adolescent depression primarily relies on self-reported symptoms. However, this method is vulnerable to under-re...

A Gamified Pain Management Intervention for Adults With Chronic Pain in Mainland China: Single-Arm Pre-Post Pilot Study With Machine Learning Predictive Modeling.

BACKGROUND: The widespread prevalence of chronic pain (CP) significantly impacts daily functioning worldwide. In mainland China, maintaining engagemen...

Extracting common processes across psychotherapies through AI.

INTRODUCTION: Psychological treatments are effective in addressing mental disorders. However, they often remain confined within two primary limitation...