Public Health & Policy

A Pharmaco-Epidemiological Research Program Leveraging a Nationwide Database of Kidney Transplantation.

OBJECTIVES: The pharmaco-epidemiological research program in kidney transplantation (PERP-KT) aims to evaluate, for the principal maintenance immunosuppressive drugs (MISDs): the influence of model-informed precision dosing on graft and patient survival; long-term exposure-effects relationships; and the benefit-harm balance of their combinations and time sequences in patient groups or clinical set...

Predicting Care Needs in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Using Explainable Machine Learning and a Multidimensional Approach Integrating Health, Social, and Environmental Factors: Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Rapid population aging and a worsening shortage of care workers necessitate the identification of older adults who require proactive interventions. Although machine learning (ML) has been increasingly applied in gerontology, existing studies have predominantly focused on social isolation, loneliness, depression, falls, and frailty in isolation rather than on the integrated construct of...

Cancer burden and health inequalities attributable to occupational arsenic exposure: A 32-year global, regional, and national observational study with projections to 2036.

Occupational arsenic exposure (OEA), mainly through inhalation in workplace settings, is an established carcinogenic hazard associated with lung, skin...

Perspectives of Individuals With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder on the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Therapy and Treatment: Thematic Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: AI has become increasingly used in mental health care for applications such as diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment support. These include...

Needs and Concerns Regarding a Pediatric Palliative Telehealth App for Use in Palliative Home Care for Adults Among Providers in Germany: Embedded Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Specialized outpatient palliative care (SOPC) provides home-based care for terminally ill patients and is associated with improved quality...

Addressing the Challenges in Using Synthetic Data for Health Research: Application to Cardiology.

Synthetic data offer significant potential for cardiology research by enabling data sharing, preserving privacy, and supporting machine learning model...

Mechanisms, management and prevention of anorectal sexually transmitted infections.

Anorectal bacterial sexually transmitted infections, predominantly chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis, represent a substantial and evolving global hea...

Interpretable Machine Learning for Population-Level Tooth Loss Prediction.

Machine learning can support population-level severe tooth loss (STL; ≥6 missing teeth) risk stratification; however, a lack of calibration under doma...

Recent advances in screening, diagnosis, prognosis and personalized treatment of sepsis.

Sepsis is a multi-system physiological syndrome defined as a dysregulated host response to infection. Despite recent advances clinicians continue to d...

Regulatory Approaches to Cybersecurity Risk Management for AI-Enabled Medical Device Software in Korea, the United States, and the European Union: Comparative Document Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Software-based and AI-enabled medical devices are increasingly networked and updatable, expanding the attack surface and making cybersecur...

Neonatal Bloodstream Infections: A Narrative Review on Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges and Prospects in Developing Countries.

BACKGROUND: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) pose a significant global health challenge, particularly in developing countries. Neonates are highly vulner...

From fragmented records to living evidence: health system-governed, artificial intelligence-driven, continuously updated real-world clinical data from Truveta.

OBJECTIVES: Real-world data (RWD) have historically suffered from fragmentation, delayed availability, variable data quality, and limited analytic uti...

Identification and importance analysis of osteoporosis risk factors in perimenopausal women based on the Transformer-LSTM hybrid model and SMOTE.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify the core risk factors for osteoporosis in perimenopausal women and propose an analytical framework based on th...

Mortality risk estimation for autistic older adults: comparing novel machine-learning derived weights versus standard weights for the Charlson Comorbidity Index.

Aim: We aimed to compare Quan and colleagues (2011) established weights for the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) conditions to autism-specific weights...

The Ways in Which Stakeholders Make Decisions About AI and Novel Technologies for the Health Care of Older Adults: Qualitative Interview Study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve health among older adults, yet how different stakeholders decide to develop, fin...

Examining the Roles of Technology Across the Health Care Journey for Individuals With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Qualitative Interview Study.

BACKGROUND: As digital technologies become increasingly embedded in daily life, their roles in mental health care have expanded and diversified. Digit...

Global trends in Alzheimer's and dementia research (2019-2024): A machine learning-based bibliometric analysis.

BackgroundDementia, including Alzheimer's disease, represents one of the fastest-growing global health challenges. To coordinate research priorities, ...

Heterogeneity in the association between antihypertensive medications and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias risk: A multidimensional machine learning analysis to inform drug repurposing.

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) place an immense burden on patients, families, and health systems in the United States. Hyp...

Dichotomous associations of circulating short-chain organic acids with cognitive impairment in older adults: An epidemiological and network analysis study.

BackgroundShort-chain organic acids (SCOAs) may have paradoxical effects on neurocognition, acting as either neuroprotective bioenergetic substrates o...

The evolving role of the histotechnologist in digital, value based healthcare.

Digital pathology and value-based healthcare (VBHC) are converging to reshape diagnostic medicine, yet the histotechnologist, whose tissue preparation...