Public Health & Policy

Neural Network Machine Learning for Determining Surgical Appropriateness in Head and Neck Subspecialty Referrals.

OBJECTIVE: Timely, accurate referrals to head and neck cancer surgery are essential for survival but are often delayed or misrouted, contributing to late-stage presentation and disparities. We aim to develop and validate a supervised neural network to predict surgical appropriateness at the time of referral. METHODS: Training data included >200 000 de-identified patient records from the National C...

Data-Driven Tooth Selection Enhances Partial-Mouth Periodontal Screening.

The high prevalence of periodontitis has imposed a significant global disease burden. Epidemiologic surveys rely on full-mouth periodontal examination (FMPE) or partial-mouth periodontal examination (PMPE). While FMPE is resource-intensive, the efficiency of PMPE remains questionable. Moreover, the value of subpopulation-tailored PMPE protocols is still unassessed. To address these gaps, we develo...

Advances in intelligent multi-mode lateral flow assays: from multi-metallic nanomaterials to smart analytical integration.

Lateral flow assays (LFAs) have evolved from simple qualitative tools into intelligent, multi-modal analytical platforms that integrate rationally eng...

Enthusiasm and hesitation: a structural topic modelling analysis of long-acting injectable PrEP perceptions among Dutch-speaking MSM.

BACKGROUND: Long-acting injectable PrEP (LA-PrEP) is a novel HIV prevention modality recently approved in Europe, offering an important addition to HI...

Predicting public Intensive care unit mortality and hospitalization using Data: An evaluation of Brazil's Largest COVID-19 epidemiological dataset.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the SRAG dataset's potential for modeling COVID-19 mortality and LOS-ICU, identify key data gaps, and support the development of...

Explainable machine learning with SHAP decodes the heterogeneous burden of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in high-risk aging Asia.

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a global public health concern, with a particularly high burden concentrated in East Asia, Southeast Asi...

Integrated Strategies for Nursing and Rehabilitation in Lung Cancer Patients.

This review delineates the pivotal role of nursing and rehabilitation in perioperative management and chemotherapy support for lung cancer patients, w...

Genome diagnostics: a pillar of twenty-first century healthcare and precision medicine.

Genomic diagnostics is revolutionizing disease management and forms the cornerstone of precision medicine. This review details the multi-stage operati...

Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Prediction of Reversible Versus Irreversible Chemotherapy-Induced Myocardial Injury: Toward Precision Cardio-Oncology.

Cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction remains a major cause of morbidity among cancer survivors and may interrupt life-saving oncologic therapy o...

Cleft related facial skeletal surgery: an update.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review provides a comprehensive update on advancements and evolving paradigms in cleft-related facial skeletal surgery. It eva...

It Is the Journey, Not the Destination: Moving From End Points to Trajectories When Assessing Chatbot Mental Health Safety.

Large language models are rapidly becoming embedded in everyday life through artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots that people use for practical assis...

A responsible AI framework for infection surveillance in low-resource settings: ethics, opportunities and threats for LMICs (EOT-LMICs).

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into infection surveillance represents a significant shift in public health; however, most AI framewor...

Mpox Awareness and Knowledge Among Residents of the Northern Border Region, Saudi Arabia: Implications for Community Preparedness.

In August 2024, the World Health Organization declared the ongoing mpox upsurge in Africa a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, undersco...

The Role of Generative AI in Public Health Advocacy: Two Case Studies for Eating Disorders Policy.

OBJECTIVE: This Spotlight article explores opportunities for the use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) to support real-world eating disorders...

Automated detection of tooth loss using tooth numbering segmentation in 3D intraoral scans from a population-based sample with artificial intelligence.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to validate an automated method for detecting tooth loss in intraoral scans (IOS) compared to clinical evaluations in a p...

Digital health and machine learning in population health and wellness management: A scoping and bibliometric review of effectiveness, equity, and implementation challenges.

Machine learning (ML) in digital health applications is becoming more popular for the general management of population wellness and the promotion of l...

Assessing plague risk across seven decades of environmental change in Inner Mongolia, China: An interpretable machine learning.

Plague, caused by Yersinia pestis, persists as a public health threat, particularly in natural foci such as China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. ...

Machine learning-based risk classification of depressive symptoms among patients with hearing loss: evidence from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS).

BACKGROUND: Depression is a common and debilitating condition among individuals with hearing loss, substantially impairing patients' quality of life. ...

Mining Heterogeneous Individual Factors in Sustained Compliance With Major Epidemic Prevention and Control Policies.

In major epidemic prevention and control, sustained public compliance with policies is crucial. This study is based on three-phase survey data from 48...

Application of machine learning algorithm for predicting acute malnutrition among under 5 children in east Africa using recent DHS.

Acute malnutrition remains a critical public health challenge across East Africa, contributing substantially to under-five morbidity and mortality. Ea...