Public Health & Policy

Addressing Climate Change Impacts on Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases: Can Artificial Intelligence Help?

Human-induced climate change caused by fossil fuel-derived greenhouse gas emissions has disrupted global ecosystems, shifted disease-vector populations, and expanded vector-borne diseases into previously unaffected areas. As these changes occur, traditional epidemiological surveillance and control mechanisms face major challenges. Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging technology in epidemiol...

Mechanistic interpretability of reinforcement learning in Medicaid care coordination.

OBJECTIVE: To expose reasoning pathways of a reinforcement learning policy for Medicaid care coordination, develop an error taxonomy and implement fairness-aware guardrails. DESIGN: Retrospective interpretability audit using attention analysis, Shapley explanations, sparse autoencoder feature discovery and blinded clinician adjudication. SETTING: Medicaid care coordination programmes in Washington...

Integrative network toxicology and experimental evidence reveal mechanisms underlying diethyl phthalate-induced initiation and progression of endometrial cancer.

Diethyl phthalate (DEP) is a ubiquitous environmental endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC). Epidemiological studies have suggested a potential associat...

Spatiotemporal dynamics and multiple driving factors of antimicrobial resistance in China during the COVID-19 pandemic (2019-2023): a provincial panel data analysis.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical and growing global health threat, directly causing millions of deaths, with China bearing a significan...

Exploring the toxicological impact of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) exposure on bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) through network toxicology, machine learning, and multi-dimensional bioinformatics analysis.

BACKGROUND: N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), is ubiquitous...

Leveraging AI for Analysis of Digital Health Information on Cancer Prevention Among Arab Youth and Adults: Content Analysis.

BACKGROUND: As TikTok (ByteDance) grows as a major platform for health information, the quality and accuracy of Arabic-language cancer prevention cont...

Synthetic health data in Canada: A scoping review of methods, applications, and data sources.

BACKGROUND: Access to provincial health-related data for multi-jurisdictional studies in Canada is restricted by privacy laws. Synthetic data (SD), wh...

Targeting the MPO/LCN2/GMPPB axis in IBS-depression comorbidity: Integrated multi-omics and bidirectional network pharmacology for precision diagnostics and therapeutics.

BACKGROUND: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) exhibit high comorbidity, driven by dysregulation of gut-brain axis int...

Improving drug identification in overdose death surveillance by using clinical natural language processing models.

The rising rate of drug-related deaths in the United States, largely driven by fentanyl, requires timely and accurate surveillance. However, critical ...

The longitudinal relationships between Internet adaptability and usage behavior on AI-driven healthcare platforms: A cross-lagged panel network analysis.

Internet adaptability on artificial intelligence (AI) healthcare platforms is a key factor influencing users' continued usage and the effectiveness of...

Existing and future use cases, and safety and ethical considerations for AI in body image, and eating disorder prevention.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming digital, clinical, and cultural landscapes in ways that hold significant implications for body im...

Commercial AI platforms improve reproducibility but fail to meet clinical precision thresholds for intracranial aneurysm measurement: implications for serial surveillance.

BACKGROUND: Intracranial aneurysm affect 3-7% of the global population, with rupture causing > 80% of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and approx...

Classifying Delayed Dental Care Using Machine Learning: A National Health Interview Survey Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Delays in dental care worsen oral disease and mirror broader inequities in health care access and use. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the 12-month...

Spatial amyloid-informed multimodal brain age as an early marker of Alzheimer's-related vulnerability and risk stratification.

BACKGROUND: Brain age gap (BAG)-the difference between predicted and chronological age-captures neurobiological aging, but MRI-only models insufficien...

A lightweight convolutional neural network architecture for violence detection in video sequences.

The escalation of violent incidents in high-density public environments such as political assemblies, concerts, and sports arenas necessitates the dev...

Factors influencing long-term outcomes in lung transplantation: effective monitoring and comprehensive intervention.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Achieving long-term survival after lung transplantation remains a major challenge. Outcome determinants have expanded beyond pathop...

Improving pandemic prediction: integrating Physics-Informed Neural Networks and symbolic regression for COVID-19 modeling.

This study refines the SIDARTHE model for Italy's COVID-19 outbreak using a hybrid, data-driven framework. A two-stage approach compares Maximum Likel...

Personal reflection on future of psychiatry.

History of Psychiatry can be of help, not only not to repeat the mistakes of the past, but also to find good heuristic sources in old books. A constan...

Controversies in Computer-Assisted Detection in Colonoscopy.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) applications in endoscopy, particularly computer-aided detection (CADe), have shown consistent benefit in ran...

Ethical Risks and Structural Implications of AI-Mediated Medical Interpreting.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to support medical interpreting and public health communication, yet current systems introduce serio...