Public Health & Policy

Incorporating artificial intelligence into imaging for surveillance and diagnosis of liver cancer: Innovations, challenges, and clinical translation.

Primary liver cancer, mainly hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, remains a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Early detection is crucial for curative treatment, yet current surveillance and diagnostic strategies, primarily ultrasound surveillance and contrast-enhanced CT or MRI, suffer from operator dependence, limited sensitivity, and interpretive variability. ...

Update of the Novara Cohort Study (NCS): protocol evolution of a population-based longitudinal study on ageing in Northern Italy - cohort profile.

PURPOSE: The Novara Cohort Study (NCS) was established to investigate the biological, psychological and social factors that influence ageing in the general population. The study aims to identify early risk factors for frailty, allostatic load and cognitive decline, and to uncover molecular and functional markers of accelerated biological ageing. NCS addresses the need for detailed life-course data...

Health trajectories of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis before and after initiation of non-invasive ventilation: a French nationwide database analysis.

BACKGROUND: Management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is complicated by heterogeneous presentation and unpredictable disease course. This stud...

Computational framework and machine learning approach to fractional order soil helminth infections disease model for control mechanism.

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are exceedingly common, estimated to afflict 1.5 billion individuals worldwide, or 24% of the total populat...

The Real Cost in Context: Comparative Surveillance of E-Cigarette Prevention Campaigns on Twitter (2018-2023).

INTRODUCTION: E-cigarette prevention campaigns face visibility and sustainability challenges on social media, where provaping content dominates, and c...

Predicting antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus using machine learning: Insights from a five-year surveillance study.

Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of both community- and hospital-acquired infections, and the growing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance c...

Advancing point-of-care diagnostics: Engineering and enhancing sensitivity and specificity in nanoparticle-based lateral flow assays for rapid disease detection.

Lateral flow assay (LFA) is the most widely used point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic tools due to their simplicity, rapid turnaround, portability, and low ...

Sex differences in cognitive function trajectories and influencing factors in older adults: A machine learning study based on CHARLS and HRS.

BACKGROUND: Identify the influencing factors that respectively affect the differences in cognitive function trajectories between China and the United ...

Medicolegal Implications and Current Landscape of Artificial Intelligence in Plastic Surgery.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into plastic and reconstructive surgery. It supports preoperative prediction and imaging analy...

Characterization of Models for Identifying Physical and Cognitive Frailty in Older Adults With Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Physical frailty and cognitive frailty are increasingly recognized as critical geriatric syndromes among older adults with diabetes, contr...

Interepidemic Rift Valley fever in East Africa: the recent risk landscape and projected impacts of global change.

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic disease that causes sporadic, multi-country epidemics. However, there is limited understanding of RVF virus circ...

Lipoprotein(a) Selectively Associates with Vulnerable Coronary Plaque Phenotypes in Comparison with Other Established Risk Markers.

AIMS: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an inherited cardiovascular risk factor. However, its association with coronary plaque characteristics beyond traditio...

Spatial variation in socio-economic vulnerability to Influenza-like Infection for the US population.

This study aims to quantify environmental health impacts and assess risk by understanding the disproportionate burden of infectious diseases, specific...

Early prediction of pressure injury risk in hospitalized patients using supervised machine learning models based on nursing records.

This study aimed to employ supervised models for predicting pressure injuries in hospitalized patients using data collected within the first eight hou...

The role of brain health and resilience in reshaping trajectories of late-life neuropsychiatric disorders.

Global population aging and increased chronic stress due to numerous mass disasters including those related to pandemics, climate change, war, displac...

Smart insurance analytics: A novel ensemble feature selection approach to unlock health insurance coverage predictions in Sierra Leone.

BACKGROUND: Predicting health insurance uptake remains a critical challenge for policymakers and insurance providers seeking to optimise coverage stra...

Interdisciplinary expertise to advance human-centered explainable AI.

The field of artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly influencing health and healthcare, but bias and inadequate subgroup performance persists. Previou...

Machine learning-driven nanoparticle-enhanced paper chromogenic array sensor approach for detecting sub-lethally injured Salmonella in low moisture food.

Detection of sub-lethally injured pathogens is critical for improving food safety, particularly given regulatory recommendations that microbiological ...

Machine Learning forecasting of dengue in São Paulo using virtual data augmentation and urban incident predictors: Addressing the exceptional surge of cases in 2024.

Dengue remains one of the most critical vector-borne diseases globally, with Brazil consistently reporting the highest incidence in the Americas. The ...

Multi-objective machine learning framework for welfare-optimized health insurance design in infectious disease management (Gastroenteritis).