Public Health & Policy

[Diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer in the era of artificial intelligence: review and prospect].

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved groundbreaking progress in the field of medicine, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). In terms of data analysis, AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment has significantly improved the sensitivity of colonoscopy and the accuracy of pathological diagnosis, thereby providing robust support for CRC diagnosis. Re...

The escalating threat of multidrug-resistant organisms: COVID-19 impact, global burden, and the Taiwanese experience.

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified global health challenges, including a silent but escalating crisis: multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). As healthcare systems strained under viral outbreaks, infection control and antimicrobial stewardship efforts suffered, accelerating the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AREAS COVERED: This review examines the indirect effects of th...

Trust at risk: Why public health must lead the use of AI in pandemic preparedness.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to play a transformative role in pandemic preparedness, with the potential to enhance surveillance, risk assess...

Derivation and validation of a clinical prediction score for ICU utilization at trauma intake.

BACKGROUND: Delayed admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) after trauma can lead to tripling of in-hospital mortality. Accurate ICU resource predi...

Leveraging a large language model to support expansion of surveillance activities to include cardiovascular implantable device infections in a large, integrated national healthcare system.

BACKGROUND: Surveillance activities are emerging as exemplar use cases for large language models (LLMs) in health care. The aim of this study was to e...

Data Poisoning Vulnerabilities Across Health Care Artificial Intelligence Architectures: Analytical Security Framework and Defense Strategies.

BACKGROUND: Health care artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly integrated into clinical workflows, yet remain vulnerable to data-poison...

Why Metrological Traceability Matters in Medical Laboratory Diagnostics.

Application of the results provided by medical laboratories plays an essential role in medical decision-making. This is not limited to diagnosis and m...

Multidimensional analysis and predictive modeling of cognitive decline risk in the United States using propensity score matching and machine learning.

Cognitive decline, an early indicator of neurodegenerative disorders, presents a growing public health challenge. This study aimed to integrate causal...

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Liability in the Age of Generative Artificial Intelligence.

As artificial intelligence tools become increasingly integrated into emergency department workflows, healthcare providers face a growing risk of legal...

A review of AI/ML approaches in wastewater surveillance advancement.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged as a powerful tool for early detection and monitoring of infectious diseases, particularly during pand...

Contemporary implantable cardiac device trials for sudden cardiac death and future guidelines: how can we shape the future?

INTRODUCTION: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) remains a major cause of mortality despite substantial progress in heart failure management and arrhythmia pr...

Using Artificial Intelligence Methods to Evaluate the Effect of the National Cytomegalovirus Awareness Month on the Content and Sentiment of Social Media Posts: Infodemiology Study.

BACKGROUND: The month of June has been recognized as the National Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Awareness Month since 2011 in the United States. Established b...

How do chronic diseases affect personal and household income? A double debiased machine learning analysis of the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS) in older adults.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the impacts of chronic diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes on personal and household...

Machine learning-based prediction of diabetic retinopathy from pupillary abnormalities in a South Indian population.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes that can lead to vision loss. Early detection and prevention of DR is crucial to reduce...

Spatial and spatiotemporal pattern of stroke relative risk in Ghana using Bayesian modelling approach.

INTRODUCTION: Stroke ranks as the second-leading cause of death and third in combined death and disability globally. In Ghana, there is a significant ...

Artificial Intelligence Helps Diagnose Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) can lead to oral cancer, which is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Prevention is c...

Evolving strategies may facilitate oral pathology and cancer surveillance, monitoring, and detection for patients at risk.

BACKGROUND: Oral cancers account for considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide, and their incidence has increased in the past several years, desp...

Vancomycin resistance in gram-positive infections: evolutionary strategies of survival.

Vancomycin is a critical glycopeptide antibiotic for treating severe infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, particularly MRSA and Clostridioides...

Psychiatric Documentation and Management in Primary Care With Artificial Intelligence Scribe Use.

IMPORTANCE: Despite increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven ambient scribes in medicine, the extent to which they are assoc...

Large Language Models Improve Scene Invariant Detection of Behaviours of Risk in Dementia Residential Care Across Multiple Surveillance Camera Views.

Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia pose challenges to the safety and well-being of individuals in residential care. The integration of...