Public Health & Policy

From mechanization to cognitive autonomy: the journey of healthcare evolution from Industry 1.0 to 6.0.

BACKGROUND: The symbiotic relationship between industrial advancement and healthcare delivery has fundamentally shaped modern medicine. This comprehensive review article explores the historical and technological trajectory from the First Industrial Revolution (Industry 1.0) to the rapidly emerging Sixth Industrial Revolution (Industry 6.0), meticulously mapping distinct industrial milestones to th...

Quantifying generalization error in machine learning prediction of cognitive decline.

BACKGROUND: Predicting cognitive decline as a continuum, from healthy age-related decline to mild cognitive impairment and dementia, enables more precise individual-level predictions. However, the practical value of such models for early intervention and prevention depends on their ability to generalize to independent cohorts, a property that is often not evaluated. OBJECTIVES: This study investig...

Artificial intelligence for climate-health early warning systems in the Horn of Africa: opportunities, challenges, and a roadmap for action.

Climate extremes, conflict, and population displacement converge in the Horn of Africa to accelerate outbreaks of climate-sensitive infectious disease...

Integrated assessment of natural and technologically enhanced radioactive materials (TENORM) in oil-producing regions: Implications for environmental health risk and sustainable remediation.

Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) are ubiquitous in Earth's crust, but oil and gas extraction activities concentrate these radionuclide...

Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing in Legal Epidemiology Studies: Opportunities and Challenges.

Legal epidemiology - the study of how laws influence health outcomes - is an emerging field with potential to inform policy and improve public health....

An update on biofilms in acute and chronic wounds: Incidence, clinical evidence, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.

Pathogenic biofilms are a critical barrier to wound healing, driving infection persistence, delayed tissue repair, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) ...

Closing the Health Policy Implementation Gap With Artificial Intelligence.

IMPORTANCE: Health care policies often fail to achieve their goals due to implementation challenges attributable to workforce constraints, fragmented ...

Deep learning reveals a neurocomputational mechanism predicting depression risk in adolescents.

Early detection and prevention of psychiatric disorders, particularly depression, remain as major global health challenges, yet reliable tools for ide...

Artificial intelligence of things-enhanced automated surveillance system for global antimicrobial resistance in food supply chain.

INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens food safety across the farm-to-fork continuum. Real-time surveillance is crucial to mitigate it...

Human-AI Interaction With AI-Assisted Tumor Overlays in Pediatric Whole-Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Exploratory Reader Study.

BACKGROUND: AI tools have the potential to enhance personalized clinical care, particularly in radiology. However, their integration into clinical wor...

Mortality prediction of road traffic crash with artificial intelligence: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Road traffic crashes cause substantial global mortality and disability. Conventional injury severity scores may not fully capture the comp...

Urinary volatilomics using liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with machine learning algorithms as a tool for diagnosis and surveillance of urothelial bladder cancer.

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer is the 11th most common cancer in the United Kingdom, with approximately 10,500 new cases annually. Diagnosis and surveilla...

Reimagining antimicrobial resistance: AI-driven predictive epidemiology and the C-AMRE framework for next-generation antibiotic discovery.

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) has evolved from a clinically observed phenomenon into a complex, dynamic, and partially predictable evolutionary proce...

From Environmental Lead Exposure to Colorectal Cancer: Integrated Transcriptomic and Genetic Analyses Identify HMOX1 as a Prioritized Candidate.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality, and the mechanisms linking lead exposure to CRC remain unclear. In this study, we inte...

Mortality Research With Artificial Intelligence Tools: Applying Language Models to the National Violent Death Reporting System Suicide Narratives, 2003-2023.

Suicide deaths in the United States have increased for a generation with no current evidence of meaningful decline. With advances in data collection a...

Predicting and assessing the distribution of high-fluoride groundwater in China using multiple machine learning models: A big data-driven geospatial analysis.

Drinking-water fluorosis remains a major public health concern in China due to sustained reliance on high-fluoride groundwater in rural regions. Using...

A team science blueprint for nurse-led artificial intelligence research: Lessons from building AI tools to detect stigmatizing language in obstetric records.

BACKGROUND: Nurse scientists are increasingly expected to lead research applying artificial intelligence (AI) to advance health equity. However, there...

Practical applications of artificial intelligence in infectious disease surveillance and control: opportunities, challenges, and ethical considerations.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly recognized as a public health tool with applications ranging from epidemiology, pandemi...

Machine Learning Prediction of First Suicide Attempts in Early Adolescence Among Child Ideators.

OBJECTIVE: Identifying those at highest risk of making a first suicide attempt during adolescence is crucial to inform early suicide prevention. Our s...

Artificial Intelligence and Antimicrobial Stewardship: From Clinical Decision Support to Public Health Action.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to threaten the effectiveness of modern medicine and poses major public health challenges worldwi...