Pulmonology

Diagnostic accuracy of deep learning-assisted low-dose CT screening for lung cancer detection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Deep learning (DL)-assisted low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) may improve lung cancer screening, but the available evidence is heterogeneous and patient-level diagnostic accuracy remains uncertain. METHODS: MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from January 2010 to December 2025 for studies evaluating DL-assisted LDCT in lung cancer screening or screening-relevant populat...

SCDM-Net: Symbiotic causal debiasing for SERS-based exosome profiling in lung cancer.

Early detection of lung cancer improves patient prognosis. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) analysis of exosomes provides an approach for lung cancer-related molecular profiling; however, instrument- and batch-related variation can obscure class-relevant spectral features. We developed a Symbiotic Causal Debiasing Multi-scale Network (SCDM-Net) to address this problem. A "symbiotic-parasit...

The impact of data extraction percentage and deep learning-based reconstruction on image quality in gated PET/computed tomography.

BACKGROUND: Respiratory motion artifacts degrade PET/computed tomography (PET/CT) image quality. Data-driven gated (DDG) PET/CT addresses this issue b...

Sex-specific associations of the bilirubin-to-albumin ratio with lung cancer risk: evidence from Cox regression and causal survival forest analysis.

BACKGROUND: The bilirubin-to-albumin (BA) ratio may reflect the balance between circulating bilirubin and albumin-related binding capacity, but its as...

Comment on "Evaluation of Semi-Automated Versus Fully Automated Technologies for Computed Tomography Scalable Body Composition Analyses in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2".

Large language models in respiratory care: safety and clinical integration.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly entering respiratory medicine workflows. Their clinical role remains unclear. A central concern i...

A Universal Fenton-Like Strategy for Selective Generation of 1O2 in Mixed Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Green Chemical Synthesis.

Sustained and selective generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) in Fenton-like catalytic systems is highly desirable for diverse applications, from freshwa...

Multicentre performance and consistency of two deep learning models for malignancy probability estimation of incidental pulmonary nodules.

OBJECTIVES: A screening-trained deep learning (DL) model (DL1) for pulmonary nodule malignancy probability estimation on CT previously demonstrated go...

Adding Artificial Intelligence to the PERT Improves Time to Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism.

OBJECTIVES: There is limited data demonstrating the benefit of artificial intelligence technology in the diagnosis and triage of pulmonary embolism. O...

Added Value of Expiratory CT in Chronic Airflow Limitation.

BACKGROUND: Expiratory CT and lobar analysis may provide complementary information to inspiratory CT and spirometry for identifying chronic airflow li...

External validation of a top-ranked model from the RSNA pulmonary embolism detection challenge: assessment of generalizability.

To externally validate the RSNA 2020 challenge 2nd-place deep-learning (DL) algorithm for detecting pulmonary embolism (PE) on computed tomography pul...

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering for the diagnosis of respiratory viruses.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has become a promising tool for rapid and sensitive respiratory pathogen detection. However, relevant reviews...

Local recurrence in rectal cancer: from detection to structured reporting.

Despite advances in total mesorectal excision and neoadjuvant therapy, locally recurrent rectal cancer remains a clinically important source of pelvic...

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Multiomics Integration in Lung Cancer: From Data Convergence to Precision Phenomics.

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide due to its extensive molecular heterogeneity, late-stage diagnosis, and ther...

Left Atrial Myopathy Across the Spectrum of Pediatric Heart Disease: Imaging, Mechanobiology, and Clinical Consequences.

Left atrial (LA) function has emerged as a critical determinant of cardiovascular performance and disease progression across the spectrum of pediatric...

Artificial intelligence-powered evaluation of the pathologic response to preoperative therapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Quantitative assessment of the pathologic response (pR) in the eyeball approach remains challenging. Few studies have clearly defined vi...

Differential association of high- and low-frequency rat vocalizations with breathing and locomotion during social interactions.

Rodents, including rats, utilize vocalizations as a primary mode of social communication. While high-frequency ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) have be...

Identification of senescence-related genes in diagnosing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis via integrating bioinformatics analysis and machine learning.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive lung disease characterized by persistent alveolar epithelial injury and aberrant tissue ...

The evolution of robotic-assisted thoracic surgery: current platforms, emerging technologies, and future perspectives - a narrative review.

Robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) has undergone rapid technological evolution over the past two decades, progressively expanding from early min...

Calibration-Free Estimation of Cerebrovascular Reactivity From Resting-State BOLD fMRI Using Reconstructed Respiratory Fluctuations.

PURPOSE: Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) provides an important index of vascular health and is conventionally quantified using a hypercapnic gas or b...