Pulmonology

Mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by the cigarette smoke extract (CSE) of heated tobacco products in vascular smooth muscle cells: A comparative study of the cytotoxic effects of CSE and the ferroptosis inducer, erastin.

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are marketed worldwide as less harmful alternatives to combustible cigarettes; however, their cytotoxic mechanisms in vascular smooth muscle cells are poorly understood. Ferroptosis is defined as iron-dependent cell death caused by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products. In this study, the cytotoxic effects of nicotine- and tar-free cigarette smoke extracts ...

Cognitive workload estimation using physiological measures: a review.

Estimating cognitive workload levels is an emerging research topic in the cognitive neuroscience domain, as participants' performance is highly influenced by cognitive overload or underload results. Different physiological measures such as Electroencephalography (EEG), Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional near-infrared spectroscopy, respiratory activity, and eye activity are efficient...

potently inhibits the activity of SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease.

The ongoing coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) still urgently r...

Knockdown of Slfn5 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced pneumonia by regulating Janus kinase/signal transduction and activator of transcription pathway.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the incidence of pneumonia has been increasing, which is the main cause of death and morbidity of children and the elderl...

Expression and significance of serum KL-6 in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common and serious complication that occurs in the ICU. the determination of early ARDS in...

Mechanistic analysis of Th2-type inflammatory factors in asthma.

BACKGROUND: The main pathological features of asthma are widespread chronic inflammation of the airways and restricted ventilation due to airway remod...

Using Signal Features of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Acute Physiological Score Estimation in ECMO Patients.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a vital emergency procedure providing respiratory and circulatory support to critically ill patients, es...

Lightweight Techniques to Improve Generalization and Robustness of U-Net Based Networks for Pulmonary Lobe Segmentation.

Lung lobe segmentation in chest CT is relevant to a wide range of clinical applications. However, existing segmentation pipelines often exhibit vulner...

Knowledge Guided Feature Aggregation for the Prediction of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Chinese EMRs.

The automatic disease diagnosis utilizing clinical data has been suffering from the issues of feature sparse and high probability of missing values. S...

Automatic liver segmentation and assessment of liver fibrosis using deep learning with MR T1-weighted images in rats.

OBJECTIVES: To validate the performance of nnU-Net in segmentation and CNN in classification for liver fibrosis using T1-weighted images.

Body composition radiomic features as a predictor of survival in patients with non-small cellular lung carcinoma: A multicenter retrospective study.

OBJECTIVES: This study combined two novel approaches in oncology patient outcome predictions-body composition and radiomic features analysis. The aim ...

Identification of pollution source and prediction of water quality based on deep learning techniques.

Semi-arid rivers are particularly vulnerable and responsive to the impacts of industrial contamination. Prompt identification and projection of pollut...

The Algorithmic Lung Detective: Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) poses a significant threat as the third leading cause of cardiovascular death, prompting the widespread use of CT pulmonary an...

Suitability of machine learning for atrophy and fibrosis development in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

PURPOSE: To assess the suitability of machine learning (ML) techniques in predicting the development of fibrosis and atrophy in patients with neovascu...

APOLLO 11 Project, Consortium in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Innovative Therapies: Integration of Real-World Data and Translational Research.

INTRODUCTION: Despite several therapeutic efforts, lung cancer remains a highly lethal disease. Novel therapeutic approaches encompass immune-checkpoi...

Improved antimicrobial activities of essential oils nanoencapsulated into hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrins.

Natural antimicrobials have recently gained increasing interest over synthetic antimicrobials to overcome foodborne pathogens and food microbial conta...

Predicting COVID-19 Outcomes: Machine Learning Predictions Across Diverse Datasets.

Background The COVID-19 infection has spread rapidly since its emergence and has affected a large part of the global population. With the increasing n...

Identification of oral therapeutics using an AI platform against the virus responsible for COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2.

This study introduces a sophisticated computational pipeline, , designed for the discovery of antiviral drugs based on their interactions within the ...

An artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic system for the prediction of benignity and malignancy of pulmonary nodules and its practical value for patients with different clinical characteristics.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the value of an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted diagnostic system in the prediction of pulmonary nodules...

Assessment of Quality Outcomes and the Learning Curve for Robot-Assisted Anatomical Lung Resections.

To determine the perioperative quality assessment results and learning curves for robot-assisted anatomical lung resection. We analyzed the data of ...