Pulmonology

Development of a Novel Anesthesia Airway Management Robot.

Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation has attracted increasing attention for air management in general anesthesia. This work proposes a novel robot equipped with two snake arms and a mask-fastening mechanism to facilitate trachea airway management for anesthesia as well as deep sedation and to improve surgical outcomes. The two snake arms with supporting terminals have been designed to lift a...

Implementation and Practice of Deep Learning-Based Instance Segmentation Algorithm for Quantification of Hepatic Fibrosis at Whole Slide Level in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Exponential development in artificial intelligence or deep learning technology has resulted in more trials to systematically determine the pathological diagnoses using whole slide images (WSIs) in clinical and nonclinical studies. In this study, we applied Mask Regions with Convolution Neural Network (Mask R-CNN), a deep learning model that uses instance segmentation, to detect hepatic fibrosis in...

Automatic Evaluation of Histological Prognostic Factors Using Two Consecutive Convolutional Neural Networks on Kidney Samples.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The prognosis of patients undergoing kidney tumor resection or kidney donation is linked to many histologic criteria. These...

AI in predicting COPD in the Canadian population.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease that produces non-reversible airflow limitations. Approximately 10% of Cana...

Deep learning-based 3Ddose reconstruction with an electronic portal imaging device for magnetic resonance-linear accelerators: a proof of concept study.

To develop a novel deep learning-based 3Ddose reconstruction framework with an electronic portal imaging device (EPID) for magnetic resonance-linear a...

Machine Learning-Based HIV Risk Estimation Using Incidence Rate Ratios.

HIV/AIDS is an ongoing global pandemic, with an estimated 39 million infected worldwide. Early detection is anticipated to help improve outcomes and p...

Preclinical Evaluation of a New ECCO2R Setup.

Low flow extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) is a promising approach to correct hypercapnic lung failure, facilitate lung protective ventil...

Validation of expert system enhanced deep learning algorithm for automated screening for COVID-Pneumonia on chest X-rays.

SARS-CoV2 pandemic exposed the limitations of artificial intelligence based medical imaging systems. Earlier in the pandemic, the absence of sufficien...

RespiraTox - Development of a QSAR model to predict human respiratory irritants.

Respiratory irritation is an important human health endpoint in chemical risk assessment. There are two established modes of action of respiratory irr...

Automatic Inter-Frame Patient Motion Correction for Dynamic Cardiac PET Using Deep Learning.

Patient motion during dynamic PET imaging can induce errors in myocardial blood flow (MBF) estimation. Motion correction for dynamic cardiac PET is ch...

Nursing Intervention Countermeasures of Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Urological Surgery Complications.

The objective is to explore the application effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in prevention of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis and pul...

A fully automatic artificial intelligence-based CT image analysis system for accurate detection, diagnosis, and quantitative severity evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVES: An accurate and rapid diagnosis is crucial for the appropriate treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). This study aims to develop an art...

Creating a training set for artificial intelligence from initial segmentations of airways.

Airways segmentation is important for research about pulmonary disease but require a large amount of time by trained specialists. We used an openly av...

Enhanced antibacterial activity of acid treated MgO nanoparticles on .

Acid treatment is one of the effective methods that directly modifies surface physical and chemical properties of inorganic materials, which improves ...

CT Image Feature Diagnosis on the Basis of Deep Learning Algorithm for Preoperative Patients and Complications of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

This work was aimed to explore the role of CT angiography information provided by deep learning algorithm in the diagnosis and complications of the di...

Development of a Machine learning image segmentation-based algorithm for the determination of the adequacy of Gram-stained sputum smear images.

BACKGROUND: Machine learning (ML) prepares and trains a model through supervised or unsupervised learning methods. Sputum, a respiratory tract secreti...

An end-to-end approach to segmentation in medical images with CNN and posterior-CRF.

Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) are often used to improve the output of an initial segmentation model, such as a convolutional neural network (CNN). ...

Anatomically informed deep learning on contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for scar segmentation and clinical feature extraction.

BACKGROUND: Visualizing fibrosis on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging with contrast enhancement (late gadolinium enhancement; LGE) is paramount...

Automatic classification of severity of COVID-19 patients using texture feature and random forest based on computed tomography images.

Severity assessment of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) using chest computed tomography (CT) scan is crucial for the effective administration of the r...

Direct pixel to pixel principal strain mapping from tagging MRI using end to end deep convolutional neural network (DeepStrain).

Regional soft tissue mechanical strain offers crucial insights into tissue's mechanical function and vital indicators for different related disorders....