Pulmonology

Deep Learning Estimation of Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second/Forced Vital Capacity and Obstructive Lung Disease Classification From Chest Radiographs With Subgroup Performance Analysis in a North American Cohort: Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Spirometry is the standard physiological test defining airflow obstruction, the key crit...

Counterfactual harm: a counter-argument.

As artificial intelligence systems are increasingly used to guide decisions, it is essential that th...

Accuracy, Usefulness, and Impact Variability of ChatGPT-4 for COPD Medication Management: A Modified Delphi Study.

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management is complex and rapidly evolving....

A Generalized Approach to Solving Deep Learning-Based Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping and Quantitative Blood Oxygen Level Dependent Magnitude (QSM + qBOLD or QQ) for Oxygen Extraction Fraction (OEF) Mapping Across Diverse Acquisition Schemes.

PURPOSE: QQ, a recently proposed oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) mapping technique combining quanti...

Theranostic innovation in infectious lung diseases: integrating biotechnology and nanotechnology for precision medicine.

INTRODUCTION: Introduction: Infectious lung diseases, including pneumonia, tuberculosis (TB), COVID-...

Focal Vascular Photopenia as a Metabolic Signature of Pulmonary Embolism on AI-Enhanced 18F-FDG PET/CT.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced reconstruction of 18F-FDG PET/CT may reveal important metaboli...

Phage as a prospective arsenal against superbugs.

The escalating crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) necessitates the urgent development of alter...

Large Language Model-Based Clinical Decision Support for Antibiotic Selection and Dose Recommendation in Hospitalized Patients With Pneumonia: Multicenter Retrospective Study.

BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is a common infectious disease, and antibiotic treatment in hospitalized patie...

Plasma proteomics linking primary and secondary diseases: Insights into molecular mediation from UK Biobank data.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are major risk factors for cardiovascular, neur...

Patient-Level Cross-validated nnU-Net for Multiclass Segmentation of Lung Parenchyma and Solid Adenocarcinoma on Thoracic CT.

Automated segmentation of lung parenchyma and solid lung adenocarcinoma on thoracic computed tomogra...

Nonoperating room anesthesia in the ICU: current practice and considerations.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: ICU procedures are increasingly complex, often requiring deeper sedation or gener...

Engineering Organoid Platforms for Pathogenesis Research.

Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases ranging from the 1918 H1N1 influenza pandemic to the re...

AI-HOPE lung cancer: a multicenter real-world registry integrating artificial intelligence for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: The AI-HOPE Lung Cancer study is a multicenter initiative designed to integrate artifici...

Enhancing pediatric cardiac auscultation with data-driven murmur detection: toward tele-consultation applications.

BACKGROUND: Pediatric cardiac tele-auscultation is often limited by poor signal quality due to respi...

Entropy engineering in multimetallic hydroxides and oxides: a new paradigm for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution.

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains a central kinetic bottleneck in electrochemical energy-c...

Age-specific climate sensitivity of respiratory hospitalizations in a tropical coastal city: 20-year Random Forest forecasts.

Respiratory diseases remain a major public health challenge in tropical coastal cities, where persis...

Diagnostic performance with sensitivity/specificity optimized computer-aided detection to detect common abnormalities in chest radiography.

PURPOSE: To evaluate how two fixed computer-aided detection (CAD) operating modes-sensitivity-optimi...

Practical Optimization of Deep Learning Models for Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation From Photoplethysmography.

To improve deep learning-based cuffless blood pressure (BP) estimation from photoplethysmograph...

Reply - Letter to the editor - Comment on "Evaluation of Semi-Automated Versus Fully Automated Technologies for Computed Tomography Scalable Body Composition Analyses in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2".

Comment on "Exploration of lactylation genes in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Implications for immune regulation and disease mechanisms".

Validation of a deep learning-based system for sleep staging, arousal detection, and respiratory event scoring in atrial fibrillation patients.

PURPOSE: Obstructive sleep apnea is a common yet underdiagnosed sleep disorder in patients with atri...