Latest AI and machine learning research in pulmonology for healthcare professionals.
This study aims to explore the performance of the VAR model in comparison with mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) matrices and log-mel spectrograms using deep learning. In pulmonary sound classification, spectrogram-based representations suffer from inconsistent temporal dimensions due to varying respiratory cycle durations. Along with traditional trimming/zero-padding, adaptive-length wind...
Resistance to first-line osimertinib in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the canonical example of predictable clonal evolution under therapeutic pressure, yet no public benchmark exists for training or evaluating computational models on the corresponding longitudinal patient trajectories. We introduce OncoTraj, a public benchmark of 813 EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients receiving first-l...
Light microscopy of tissue sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) has been the foundation of histopathology for over 150 years and remains ...
Three-dimensional models are widely assumed preferable for volumetric medical imaging, yet their practical value depends on whether performance gains ...
Photoplethysmography (PPG), a non-invasive measure of changes in blood volume, is widely used in both wearable devices and clinical settings. Recent P...
In healthcare, multimodal time series tasks often operate on incomplete observations in practice, for example when ECG segments are lost because elect...
Spastic dysarthria diagnosis through subjective neurologist auditory-perceptual assessment remains standard practice despite known inaccuracy. To addr...
Clinical chart abstraction extracts structured patient variables from longitudinal clinical notes but is labor-intensive and difficult to scale. We ev...
Background and Objectives: The ability of vision-language models (VLMs) to detect lung nodules on chest radiographs remains uncertain. This retrospect...
Liver fibrosis is a major cause of death in low- and middle-income country contexts. In rural, poor areas of sub-Saharan Africa, schistosomiasis is an...
Schistosomiasis causes a complex, difficult to diagnose form of liver fibrosis with high rates of life-threatening morbidity in resource-poor settings...
Multiplexed imaging technologies enable the simultaneous measurement of dozens of protein markers while preserving context, providing a high-resolutio...
Introduction Obstructive lung diseases (OLDs) are responsible for high rates of illness and death worldwide. Inflammation, chronic airflow limitation,...
Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV), the primary etiological agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in South America, is uniquely capable of limited hu...
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are increasingly recognized as a critical yet underexplored cell type in anti-fibrotic drug development. Th...
Background: Multi-drug resistant Bacterial (MDRB) Infections in the intensive care units (ICUs) substantially elevate patient mortality, prolong hospi...
Early prediction of respiratory failure is critical for timely clinical intervention in intensive care units. Existing electronic health record (EHR)-...
Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of infectious disease mortality, and the continued emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains...
Despite years of methodological progress, how far AI has come in liver fibrosis staging has never been systematically evaluated under the heterogeneou...
Pathological assessment guides lung cancer diagnosis, treatment selection, and prognostic evaluation, yet current CPath approaches rely on task-specif...