Pulmonology

[Application and progress of artificial intelligence technology in interventional pulmonology].

In recent years, interventional pulmonology has advanced rapidly, with bronchoscopy becoming a cornerstone in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has established an intelligent framework for the entire bronchoscopic diagnostic process. Image recognition enables the precise localization of airway structures and lesions, whi...

Robust Semi-Supervised CT Radiomics for Lung Cancer Prognosis: Cost-Effective Learning with Limited Labels and SHAP Interpretation

Background: CT imaging is vital for lung cancer management, offering detailed visualization for AI-based prognosis. However, supervised learning SL models require large labeled datasets, limiting their real-world application in settings with scarce annotations. Methods: We analyzed CT scans from 977 patients across 12 datasets extracting 1218 radiomics features using Laplacian of Gaussian and ...

An Enhanced Privacy-preserving Federated Few-shot Learning Framework for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis

The labor-intensive nature of medical data annotation presents a significant challenge for respiratory disease diagnosis, resulting in a scarcity of...

Patient-specific vs Multi-Patient Vision Transformer for Markerless Tumor Motion Forecasting

Background: Accurate forecasting of lung tumor motion is essential for precise dose delivery in proton therapy. While current markerless methods mos...

Mid-level data fusion of pleural effusion SERS spectra and serum CEA levels using machine learning algorithms for precise lung cancer detection.

Accurate identification of clinically malignant pleural effusions is critical for cancer diagnosis and subsequent treatment planning. Here, surface-en...

Airway Segmentation Network for Enhanced Tubular Feature Extraction

Manual annotation of airway regions in computed tomography images is a time-consuming and expertise-dependent task. Automatic airway segmentation is...

Wrist bone segmentation in X-ray images using CT-based simulations

Plain X-ray is one of the most common image modalities for clinical diagnosis (e.g. bone fracture, pneumonia, cancer screening, etc.). X-ray image s...

Integrated Open-Source Framework for Simulation of Transcatheter Pulmonary Valves in Native Right Ventricular Outflow Tracts

Background - Pulmonary insufficiency is a consequence of transannular patch repair in Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF), leading to late morbidity and morta...

Ultrasensitive Force-and-Wind Dual-Mode Biomimetic Sensor Based on Mimosa-Motivated Tb@HOF Photoexcited Foam for Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Human Health Monitoring.

Nowadays, developing highly efficient and sensitive flexible optical biomimetic devices for the sensing of physical stimulus still has great challenge...

MedGemma Technical Report

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significant potential in healthcare applications, but its training and deployment faces challenges due to healthcar...

Geometric-Guided Few-Shot Dental Landmark Detection with Human-Centric Foundation Model

Accurate detection of anatomic landmarks is essential for assessing alveolar bone and root conditions, thereby optimizing clinical outcomes in ortho...

SPIRA: Building an Intelligent System for Respiratory Insufficiency Detection

Respiratory insufficiency is a medic symptom in which a person gets a reduced amount of oxygen in the blood. This paper reports the experience of bu...

FB-Diff: Fourier Basis-guided Diffusion for Temporal Interpolation of 4D Medical Imaging

The temporal interpolation task for 4D medical imaging, plays a crucial role in clinical practice of respiratory motion modeling. Following the simp...

Reconstructing Biological Pathways by Applying Selective Incremental Learning to (Very) Small Language Models

The use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) models is becoming ubiquitous in many fields. Though progress continues to be made, general purpo...

Deep-Learning-Assisted Highly-Accurate COVID-19 Diagnosis on Lung Computed Tomography Images

COVID-19 is a severe and acute viral disease that can cause symptoms consistent with pneumonia in which inflammation is caused in the alveolous regi...

Rapid diagnosis of lung cancer by multi-modal spectral data combined with deep learning.

Lung cancer is a malignant tumor that poses a serious threat to human health. Existing lung cancer diagnostic techniques face the challenges of high c...

A computationally frugal open-source foundation model for thoracic disease detection in lung cancer screening programs

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) imaging employed in lung cancer screening (LCS) programs is increasing in uptake worldwide. LCS programs herald ...

BronchoGAN: Anatomically consistent and domain-agnostic image-to-image translation for video bronchoscopy

The limited availability of bronchoscopy images makes image synthesis particularly interesting for training deep learning models. Robust image trans...

Classification based deep learning models for lung cancer and disease using medical images

The use of deep learning (DL) in medical image analysis has significantly improved the ability to predict lung cancer. In this study, we introduce a...

A Weakly Supervised Transformer to Support Rare Disease Diagnosis from Electronic Health Records: Methods and Applications in Rare Pulmonary Disease

Rare diseases affect an estimated 300-400 million people worldwide, yet individual conditions often remain poorly characterized and difficult to dia...