Pulmonology

Artificial Intelligence-Based Pathological Subtype Diagnosis of Nasal Polyps: A Multidimensional and Micro-Visualization Study.

BACKGROUND: Nasal polyps (NP) are common upper respiratory conditions with diverse inflammatory subtypes influencing clinical features and prognosis. Manual counting of inflammatory cells in microscopic images (MI) is laborious and subjective, limiting diagnostic precision and treatment decisions. METHODS: A total of 2457 slides from 20 hospitals were used to develop an AI-based NP subtype diagnos...

Ethical Considerations for AI-Enabled Voice Analysis: Features of an Emerging Bioethics Literature.

BACKGROUND: With the emergence of voice as a digital biomarker for various health conditions over the last decade, healthcare institutions are exploring avenues to leverage this technology to improve patient outcomes and clinical workflow efficiencies. Voice analysis technologies have the potential to streamline clinical care from speech-based diagnoses to assessing disease risk. This interest in ...

A manta ray-bayesian optimization approach for hyperparameter-tuned convolutional neural networks in lung cancer classification.

Lung cancer remains a global health challenge that is unavoidable. Despite the advances in lung cancer classification using deep learning models, the ...

"Perfection or Overfitting?" Reassessing the Validity of Deep Learning Models for Respiratory Sound Classification.

Enhancing Clinical Applicability of Laboratory-Based Machine Learning Models for Advanced Fibrosis in MASLD.

Wearable Sleep Measures May Improve Machine Learning Prediction of Home-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation Engagement Among Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether incorporating baseline sleep measures from a wrist-worn activity monitor in machine learning (ML) models improved the p...

Machine learning prediction model for delirium after heart valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass: A large-scale cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common and severe complication following heart valve replacement (HVR) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB),...

Overcoming gastrointestinal mucosal barriers: Mechanistic innovations and technical advances in mucosal targeting strategies for animal oral vaccines.

Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms (such as Escherichia coli, Avian influenza virus (AIV), Rotavirus, etc.) that primarily invade...

Artificial intelligence for accurate tumor size assessment and non-invasive adenocarcinoma prediction in small-sized lung cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Accurate preoperative imaging is essential for improving the treatment of small lung cancers. Precise identification of non-invasive ade...

The dual role of the crosstalk between autophagy and ferroptosis in lung cancer treatment: Advances in mechanisms and therapeutic strategies (Review).

The interaction between autophagy and ferroptosis has resulted in the identification of novel approaches for the treatment of lung cancer (LC). The tw...

Treatment of pulmonary fibrosis: From disease mechanisms to future novel therapies (Review).

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease characterized by irreversible lung scarring and frequently associated wit...

Room-Temperature Trace NO2 Monitoring System Based on Two-Dimensional Heterostructures and Integrated with Deep Learning.

Accurate detection of trace NO2 at room temperature is crucial for air quality control and the early diagnosis of respiratory diseases. High-precision...

Decoding organ fibrosis: mechanistic insights and emerging therapeutic strategies.

Fibrosis is a maladaptive pathophysiological process characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix resulting from dysregulated tissue ...

Plasma proteomic and machine learning models for differentiating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease: findings from a prospective cohort.

Artificial intelligence for venous thromboembolism risk stratification in surgical patients: a systematic review.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a significant complication in surgical patients. Ar...

Respiratory sound analysis for ICU clinical decision support: deep learning-based classification of normal and abnormal sounds using real ICU data.

PAH-former: Transfer learning for efficient discovery of pulmonary arterial hypertension-associated genes.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe disease with limited effective therapies, making the discovery of new therapeut...

Integrated analysis of therapeutic strategies and prognostic factors in advanced lung adenocarcinoma: Retrospective study with emphasis on gene assays, multimodality treatment approaches and predictive machine learning models.

Patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma have a range of treatment options, including targeted therapy and gene assay-guided chemotherapy. The aim o...

Identifying patients at risk for short-term adverse events after hip arthroscopy: a machine learning analysis of a national database.

PURPOSE: To develop and compare machine learning-based risk prediction models to identify patients at risk for short-term adverse outcomes (overnight ...

CLWD: a Chinese histopathology dataset for lung adenocarcinoma subtype classification.

Effective diagnosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma depends on accurate typing, subtyping, and grading. Herein, we present the CLWD dataset, a va...