Pulmonology

Establishment of prediction equations for available energy values of sorghum in broilers using machine learning and stepwise regression methods.

This study aimed to determine the available energy values of sorghum for Arbor Acres (AA) broilers and to develop and compare prediction equations using multivariate linear stepwise regression (MLSR) and machine learning-based linear regression (LR). It is important to clarify that the LR used in this study is fundamentally a linear regression model. The primary difference from MLSR lies in the va...

Fluid Volumes Longitudinal Modeling to Predict Atrophy and Fibrosis in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of retinal fluid volumes on the development of atrophy and fibrosis in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) during routine care. DESIGN: Retrospective longitudinal study. PARTICIPANTS: Treatment-naïve eyes with nAMD from the Vienna Imaging Biomarker Eye Study (2007-2018), initiating anti-VEGF therapy. METHODS: Volumes of intraretinal fluid (IRF), subr...

Natural bioactive as modulators of airway inflammation and remodeling: mechanistic insights.

Airway diseases such as asthma, COPD, pulmonary fibrosis, and other inflammatory airway conditions remain a significant threat to global health. Tradi...

Serum mass spectral fingerprints with machine learning for early discrimination of infectious pneumonia in the emergency department.

Lung cancer diagnosis from CT scans using artificial intelligence techniques: A global perspective.

OBJECTIVE: In this research, we conducted a systematic review of artificial intelligence techniques used for the diagnosis of lung cancer. METHODS: A ...

Epigenetic Instability-Based Metrics in Cell-Free DNA for Early Cancer Detection.

PURPOSE: Cancers present significant DNA methylation changes, which arise in a stochastic manner, marked by extensive epigenetic variation, indicative...

Update on pleural mesothelioma.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pleural mesothelioma remains a universally lethal cancer with a rising global burden. This underscores the need for pulmonologists ...

HP-DIL: Deep heterogeneity profiling with graph-informed disentangled interaction learning for MRI-based liver fibrosis staging.

Liver fibrosis staging (LFS) informs treatment decisions and prognostic assessment in liver disease. Multiparametric MRI enables non-invasive, quantit...

Augmenting Large Language Model With Prompt Engineering and Supervised Fine-Tuning in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Tumor-Node-Metastasis Staging: Framework Development and Validation.

BACKGROUND: Accurate tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging is fundamental for treatment planning and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ho...

Research on Risk Transfer Pathways for Lung Cancer Among Middle-Aged and Older Individuals Using Deep Reinforcement Learning: Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, lung cancer has a significantly high incidence rate worldwide. The mortality rate of lung cancer continues to rise; it is more c...

[Comparative observation of analgesic efficacy between liposomal bupivacaine and "cocktail" therapy following artificial intelligence-assisted direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty: A prospective randomized controlled study].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the analgesic efficacy and safety of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) versus ropivacaine for surgical incision local anesthesia after ...

Bioinformatics analysis and qRT-PCR validation of iron metabolism-related genes in pediatric asthma.

Pediatric asthma (PA) is a chronic airway disease with a complex etiology, and iron metabolism disorder is believed to be involved in its pathogenesis...

An algorithm to identify less invasive surfactant administration using a real-world database of preterm infants.

BACKGROUND: Surfactant replacement therapy is central to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) management in preterm infants, which can be delivered usi...

An intelligent fusion model for Ki-67 prediction in non-small cell lung cancer: A cloud-based prediction system integrating radiomics.

BACKGROUND: The expression level of Ki-67 affects the prognosis of NSCLC patients. OBJECTIVE: Accurate preoperative prediction of Ki-67 expression in ...

Clinical accuracy and applications of the Pediatric Assessment Triangle in emergency care: a narrative review.

BACKGROUND: The Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) is a rapid visual assessment framework designed to support early identification of critically ill ...

A natural defense against particulate matter 10 (PM10): Network pharmacology-based insights into the protective effects of Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum against PM10-induced lung inflammation.

Airborne particulate matter 10 (PM10) induces lung inflammation. However, interventions remain limited. We evaluated the protective effects of Chrysan...

Digital Technology for Sleep Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease: A Scoping Review.

Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent and clinically significant non-motor features of Parkinson's disease (PD). Although in-laboratory polysomnogra...

Comparison of AI-based Chatbot Performance in Analyzing Clinical Scenarios versus Medical Residents: A Novel Approach in Chest Diseases Education.

OBJECTIVE: Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies offer new opportunities in medical education. The aim of this study is to c...

Bridging the Gender Gap in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Machine Learning Approach to Screening Women for Moderate-to-Severe Disease.

INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can cause severe complications if left untreated. Several challenges hinder OSA identification in females,...

Quantum dot-DNA microsphere aptamer biosensor with AI-assisted structural modeling for rapid detection of the lung cancer biomarker USE1.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for rapid, accurate, and affordabl...