Pulmonology

Distinguishing common respiratory pathogens using machine learning of symptom profiles to prioritize diagnostic testing.

Clinical symptoms are critical for diagnosing and managing upper respiratory tract infections, yet systematic comparisons across common pathogens remain limited. We aimed to characterize symptom signatures across common respiratory pathogens and to develop approaches that support the prioritization of diagnostic testing across pathogens. Using a large-scale, home-based multiplex PCR testing datase...

A hypersensitive neuromorphic airflow sensor inspired by vision-compensatory scorpion mechanoreceptors for respiratory pattern analysis.

Efficient acquisition of spatial airflow information is vital for organisms to orient within complex environments and detect predators. For scorpions with degraded vision, specialized mechanosensory trichobothria provide a crucial vision-compensatory mechanism, enabling hypersensitive perception of subtle airflow fluctuations. Inspired by this evolutionary adaptation, we present a biomimetic neuro...

Novel proteomic signatures of stricturing Crohn disease using a treatment-naive cohort.

BACKGROUND: Crohn disease (CD) is frequently complicated by intestinal strictures, which require early recognition and management. This study aimed to...

A Multiparametric MRI‑Based Deep Learning Model for Binary Triage of Lung Versus Non‑lung Brain Metastases: A Multicenter Proof‑of‑Concept Study.

Identifying the origin of brain metastases (BM) is essential for personalized treatment, particularly in patients with carcinoma of unknown primary or...

Artificial intelligence for predicting perioperative anaesthetic complications and supporting clinical decision-making: a scoping review.

Perioperative anaesthetic complications are a major public health concern, as they are associated with increased mortality, prolonged hospital stay, h...

Machine learning prediction of the change in sleepiness following continuous positive airway pressure in obstructive sleep apnea: a multi-cohort analysis.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To predict the improvement in sleepiness following continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment for obstructive sleep apnea ...

Characterization of AF Recurrence and Substrate Health by Electrographic Flow (EGF) Consistency in EGF Mapping.

BACKGROUND: Electrographic flow (EGF) mapping is an FDA 510(k)-cleared method for visualizing atrial activation wavefronts in atrial fibrillation (AF)...

Oxygen management and targeted methods to Attack Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP): Progress and Possibilities.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an eye disease that severely impacts premature infants, especially those born before 31 weeks gestation and those ...

Intelligent Organ Recognition Technology Combined With an Artificial Intelligence Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm in Contrast-enhanced CT of the Chest, Abdomen, and Pelvis.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the application value of intelligent organ recognition technology combined with the artificial intelligence iter...

Development and validation of a machine learning-based model for identifying liver fibrosis in individuals with prior Schistosoma japonicum infection: a step toward precision management.

BACKGROUND: Liver fibrosis caused by Schistosoma japonicum may continue to progress even following successful praziquantel chemotherapy. Although live...

Pulmonary function estimation and reliability assessment using hybrid-optimized ensemble learning.

Objective.Pulmonary function tests are central to assessing ventilatory impairment but are often limited by accessibility, repeatability, and patient ...

Artificial intelligence and the phantom pneumothorax: Clinical reasoning still matters.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly integrated into chest radiograph interpretation, demonstrating excellent diagnostic performance f...

Updates on Imaging Modalities for the Diagnosis of Aortic Stenosis.

Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common degenerative valvular disease in elderly patients and is linked to high morbidity and mortality. Accurate diag...

Validation of federated analytics across secure data environments: A comparative study of synthetic healthcare datasets using machine learning and general linear models.

OBJECTIVES: To enable research and innovation, most health data systems are moving away from a model of pooled data egress and instead highlight the b...

Unclassifiable Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in the Intensive Care Unit: Insights From a Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study in France (2022-2024).

BACKGROUND: Suspected invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is increasingly treated in intensive care, including in patients without classical immuno...

Lung cancer detection in CT scans using extracted nodule features and precise multistage segmentation with deep learning based ensemble model.

Lung cancer is one of the deadliest malignancies, known for rapid growth and has high potential of spreading the original tumor cells to other cells o...

3D Slicer-based preprocedural trajectory planning for transvenous mediastinal biopsy using automated segmentation: a technical note.

Histological diagnosis of mediastinal tumors can be challenging when safe puncture access is limited by adjacent airway and vascular structures. This ...

SMART: structured, meaningful, auditable, responsible, and transparent documentation for clinical AI.

OBJECTIVE: Clinical AI systems and models increasingly need traceable documentation that makes intended use, performance evidence, transparency, and l...

A dissolved oxygen inversion method based on multi-source spectral-spatial feature fusion and recursive feature elimination.

Coastal ecosystem health is crucial for regional sustainability and biodiversity maintenance. As a key indicator of eutrophication and hypoxia risk, t...

From automated ventilation to intelligent respiratory care and alarm management.